With a view towards the application in space-borne optical instruments, we first performed a world-wide market survey of infrared fibers designed for the wavelength range of 1.5μm to 18μm. Fiber samples purchased and tested comprise fluoride fibers, chalcogenide fibers, a germanate fiber and a silver-halide fiber, as well as hollow fibers. While the majority of infrared fibers offered are of th...

[1] A model of Venus’ atmosphere permittivity profile up to 300 km is developed in this paper for X band. The model includes both the real and imaginary parts of the atmospheric permittivity, derived using data sets inferred or directly measured from past exploration missions to Venus: the real part is obtained by calculating the total polarization of the mixture of the atmospheric components i...

The remarkable polarization structure of the Na i D 1 and D 2 lines that is due to coherent scattering has remained an enigma, since it has not yet been possible to find an explanation that is consistent with both current understanding of quantum mechanics and the astrophysical properties of the Sun's atmosphere. To guide future theoretical efforts we have here explored the detailed center-to-l...

Cell movement requires morphological polarization characterized by formation of a leading pseudopodium (PD) at the front and a trailing rear at the back. However, little is known about how protein networks are spatially integrated to regulate this process at the system level. Here, we apply global proteome profiling in combination with newly developed quantitative phosphoproteomics approaches f...

In this paper a technique to measure the distributed birefringence profile along optical fibers is proposed and experimentally validated. The method is based on the spectral correlation between two sets of orthogonally-polarized measurements acquired using a phase-sensitive optical time-domain reflectometer (ϕOTDR). The correlation between the two measured spectra gives a resonance (correlation...

Modulation of CD8 coreceptor levels can profoundly affect T-cell sensitivity to antigen. Here we show that the heritable downregulation of CD8 during type 2 polarization of murine CD8(+) effector T cells in vitro and in vivo is associated with CpG methylation of several regions of the Cd8a locus. These epigenetic modifications are maintained long-term in vivo following adoptive transfer. Even a...

Aims. The aim of the present work is to study the radio properties of double relics in Abell 1240 and Abell 2345 in the framework of double relic formation models. Methods. We present new Very Large Array observations at 20 and 90 cm for these two clusters. We performed spectral index and polarization analysis and compared our results with expectations from theoretical models. Results. The pres...

The understanding of domain structures, specifically domain walls, currently attracts a significant attention in the field of (multi)-ferroic materials. In this article, we analyze contrast formation in full field electron microscopy applied to domains and domain walls in the uniaxial ferroelectric lithium niobate, which presents a large 3.8 eV band gap and for which conductive domain walls hav...

We investigate theoretically the generation of extreme-ultraviolet (EUV) beams carrying fractional orbital angular momentum. To this end, we drive high-order harmonic generation with infrared conical refraction (CR) beams. We show that the high-order harmonic beams emitted in the EUV/soft x-ray regime preserve the characteristic signatures of the driving beam, namely ringlike transverse intensi...

The possibility to analyse concentration polarization phenomena during unstirred dead-end ultrafiltration by the boundary layer resistance theory has been shown by Nakao et al. [ 1). Experimental data on the ultrafiltration of BSA at pH 7.4, at various concentrations and pressures, were analysed by this model and by a new version of the model in this paper. Instead of the assumption of the cake...