The relationship between law and morality represents a major theme in jurisprudence and is the subject-matter of this article. I shall focus on the use of the criminal law to enforce morality and, in particular, I shall consider whether an identifiable line can be drawn between moral standards that may properly be the subject of legal enforcement and those that may not. This issue was, of cours...

Within the next twelve to twenty-four months, the World Trade Organization (WTO) may have to rule on a dispute between the United States and the European Communities (EC) regarding genetically modified organisms (GMO). This Article explains why the organization’s current jurisprudence risks making this case and others like it an unnecessarily explosive and damaging one for the trading system. E...

It has been clear since a seminal ECJ ruling in the 1970s that the European Community is attached to a model of automatic treaty incorporation whereby the full panoply of Community law enforcement tools are available for the enforcement of Community Agreements. In the decades since, a rich body of case law has emerged concerning this growing body of treaty law to which the Community has become ...

The democratisation of the EU is a historic achievement, which poses great challenges. This article argues that has overcome its democratic deficit and nature Union been defined in unambiguous terms. It will be demonstrated 2007 Lisbon Treaty defines as union states. Moreover, European Court Justice elaborated this concept jurisprudence with sound legal reasoning. implication analysis for polit...

The historically prevailing view in the network literature has been that relationships within networks develop gradually and cumulatively over time, with power playing what might be termed a ‘concrete’ role in such a process, based primarily on identifiable resource dependencies. The concept of (Foucauldian) ‘system power’, beginning to emerge in the management and organisation literature, is n...

With the business environment become more complex and dynamic, organizations have been faced with more pressures of competition. Organizations are often compelled to form strategic alliances with other organizations to survive and prosper. The inter-organizational arrangement can become favorable seedbed for inter-organization conflict. The participants in the strategic alliance often spend a s...

This paper generalizes the model proposed by Misra, by considering switching between political parties. In the model proposed, the movements of members from political party B to political party C and vice versa, are considered but the net movement is considered by assuming that [Formula: see text] (a constant), which implies that the movement of members is either from party B to party C or from...