Manganese (Mn) in acidic paddy soil has large potential emigrating from the and pollute adjacent ecosystems. Single microorganisms modulate biogeochemistry process of Mn via redox reactions, while roles microbial aggregates (e.g. periphytic biofilm) modulating its biogeochemical cycle is poorly constrained. Here we collected a series biofilms fields China to explore how biofilm regulates behavi...

Reducing emissions of various air pollutants is needed to achieve cleaner and healthier quality in all EU countries. The National Air Pollution Reduction Programme sets out pollution reduction targets 55% for particulate matter (PM), 73% sulphur dioxide, 58% non-methane volatile organic compounds 66 % nitrogen oxides, among other pollutants, by 2030 compared the 2005 reference year. household s...

Photovoltaic (PV) systems are used to generate electricity and they considered less aggressive in their environmental impact. These require no further maintenance once installed, do not pollute the environment average lifespan is high. reasons why a good alternative for generation. However, PV have different challenges solve when connected low voltage distribution grids one of them related powe...

Pesticides and toxicity are constitutive features of modernization in Africa, despite ongoing portrayals the continent as “too poor to pollute.” This article examines social science scholarship on agricultural pesticide expansion Sub-Saharan Africa. We recount rise agrochemical usage colonial projects that placed African smallholder farmers at forefront toxic vulnerability. then outline prevale...

Abstract The palm oil industry is one that significantly contributes to the Indonesian economy. Indonesia’s exports keep increasing every year. In addition producing CPO, also produces solid, liquid and gaseous waste. resulting waste can pollute environment. Solid from consists of empty fruit bunches, juice fiber, kernel cake, shells other solid Of various types produced, bunches (EFB) largest ...

Abstract Nitrogen is one of the essential nutrients for rice plants. However, inappropriate use nitrogen fertilizers can pollute environment caused by loss N to groundwater and atmosphere so that it increase nitrate content in soil greenhouse gas emissions. Therefore, optimal management needed fertilization accordance with needs This research aims determine estimation uptake full organic, semi ...

We use an evolutionary game model to study the interplay between corporate environmental compliance and enforcement promoted by the policy maker in a country facing a pollution trap, i.e., a scenario in which the vast majority of firms do not internalize their pollution negative externality and auditors do not inspect firms. The game conflict is due to the trade-off in which firms are better-of...

Dairy industries have shown tremendous growth in size and number in most countries of the world. These industries discharge wastewater which is characterized by high chemical oxygen demand, biological oxygen demand, nutrients, and organic and inorganic contents. Such wastewaters, if discharged without proper treatment, severely pollute receiving water bodies. For treatment of dairy waste water,...

Objective of the power systems firm is to achieve the maximum profit and customer goodwill by providing reliable and quality power supply. This power system operation problem is solved by Optimal Power Flow (OPF). It gives requirement of operating states which satisfy the objective of the firm. Thermal power plants are the main source of power generation. Fuel cost of these power plants has to ...

Pesticides are often considered a suitable solution for controlling pests. However, the use of chemicals is very costly, and their residues have always the potential to pollute soil, air, and ground water and also pose significant risks to the natural ecosystems and nontarget organisms. Considering all these, irradiation could offer substantial and charming option for eliminating the export com...