Caspian Sea is the largest enclosed body of water on the earth. Since the collapse of Soviet Union in 1991 and discovering large oil and gas fields, some issues such as political, economic and environmental events, made the Caspian Sea important. The ecology of the Sea are being endangered due to several issues such as petroleum extraction, river and sea pollutions, water level rise, biological...

In the last decade we have realized that plastics use every day, and for practically everything, may be biggest environmental polluters humans ever released to environment (EU DG, 2011). Since first reports of plastic pollutions, learned so much about issue. Macro micro pollution topics been extensively studied, investigated, regulated, in some cases litigated (Uren Webster et al., 2020)(Barnes...

This study proposes a new use of data envelopment analysis (DEA) for assessing economic success and environmental protection, so measuring the level of sustainability. The new approach is referred to as “DEA environmental assessment,” and it can measure the performance of various entities that use inputs to produce not only desirable outputs but also undesirable outputs. DEA models are generall...

Presences of plastics in aquatic environment, and their possible cascading along the food chain are an environmental concern. To understand current setup pollution, we submit evolution industry, production process, magnitude produced plastic waste generated. In second section, give over view sources micro environment including; domestic, leisure, aquaculture, maritime activities horticulture. T...