Carpenter syndrome (Acrocephalopolysyndactyly type II), first described in 1901, consists of acrocephaly, syndactyly, polydactyly, congenital heart disease, mental retardation, hypogenitalism, cryptorchidism, obesity, umbilical hernia and bony abnormalities. We report a 6 years old boy presenting as a union of these malformations and also having bilateral sensorineural hearing loss. Auditory di...

Congenital foot abnormalities such as syndactyly, polydactyly, and brachymetatarsia are commonly seen by plastic surgeons. There have been reports of cases of congenital synostosis of the foot, with the majority of cases involving the rear foot and midfoot Fig. 2. (A) Cross-section of the giant cutaneous horns (GCH) showing hollowing of conical component with surrounding parakeratosis, calcific...

Oro-facial-digital syndrome type II (OFD-II) is characterized by frenulated tongue, midline cleft lip, high arched or cleft palate, micrognathia, syndactyly and polydactyly, bilateral reduplicated hallux, conductive hearing loss, choroidal coloboma and normal intelligence. There are nine forms of oro-facial-digital syndromes with different modes of inheritance. A young female with features of o...

Finger and palm print patterns (dermatoglyphs) are formed in very early pregnancy, at about the same time the limbs are developing, and their formation probably depends upon the surface contours of the palms and soles during morphogenesis. Dermatoglyphs are useful in skeletal dysplasias for the detection and study of syndactyly and symphalangism, for dating the onset and the dysplasias, for dem...

Aplasia cutis congenita is a heterogeneous group of conditions usually involving the scalp as well as any other part of the body and is associated with a number of other congenital anomalies. We report on a newborn male with almost complete absence of skin and subcutaneous tissue in association with choanal atresia, syndactyly, imperforate anus, pulmonary hypoplasia, and other anomalies. To our...

Interstitial 17q24.1 or 17q24.2 deletions were reported after conventional cytogenetic analysis or chromosomal microarray analysis in patients presenting intellectual disability, facial dysmorphism, and/or malformations. We report on a fetus with craniofacial dysmorphism, talipes equinovarus, and syndactyly associated with a de novo 2.5 Mb 17q24.1q24.2 deletion. Among the deleted genes, KPNA2 a...

A diploid/triploid karyotype is an uncommon but important cause of true hermaphroditism and ambiguous genitalia. Individuals have a recognisable phenotype and characteristic hydatidiform placental changes. We report a 46,XX/69,XXY chimeric hermaphrodite. This case highlights the typical features (large placenta, intrauterine growth retardation, asymmetric growth, cranio-facial anomalies, syndac...

We report eight cases of a lethal association of failure to thrive, facial dysmorphism, ambiguous genitalia, syndactyly, postaxial polydactyly, and internal developmental anomalies (Hirschsprung's disease, cardiac and renal malformation). This syndrome is likely to be autosomal recessive and resembles Smith-Lemli-Opitz (SLO) syndrome. However, the lethality, the common occurrence of polydactyly...

Fraser syndrome is an autosomal recessive disorder in which the life expectancy is <1 year. The main features are cryptophthalmos, ear, nose and skeletal malformations, syndactyly, laryngeal stenosis and malformation of the uro-genital system, lungs, liver and central nervous system (CNS). We report the clinical, laboratory and post-mortem findings of this condition in an elderly woman aged 96 ...

We report five patients with ectodermal dysplasia, ectrodactyly associated with syndactyly or cleft hand or both, and, in addition, macular dystrophy which was presumed to be progressive, in an isolated population on a remote island in Japan. The heredity of this syndrome was thought to be autosomal recessive. Three cases have been reported so far with a combination of the same abnormalities. T...