The miscoding potential of N2,3-ethenoguanine (epsilon G), one of the carcinogen vinyl chloride adducts to DNA bases, has been examined by copying of poly (A, epsilon G) templates with DNA-dependent RNA polymerase and reverse transcriptase. In contrast to the results previously obtained with poly (C, epsilon G) templates where epsilon G acts as G and A, in poly (A, epsilon G) templates epsilon ...

The separation of hafnium from zirconium using tributyl phosphate offers interesting alternatives to present methods for making reactor-grade zirconium. Feed solution for the extraction step can be prepared from the reaction product of caustic and zircon sand. The purified zirconium can be converted into a variety of compounds, depending on the process chosen for reduction to the metal. It may ...

Titanium and zirconium were immersed in Hanks’ solution with and without calcium and phosphate ions, and the surfaces were characterized with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) to determine the mechanism of calcium phosphate formation on titanium in simulated body fluids and in a living body. In addition, they were cathodically polarized in the above solutions. As a result, neither calcium ...