Sum frequency generation (SFG) vibration spectroscopy can selectively detect crystalline cellulose without spectral interference from cell wall matrix components. Here, we show that the cellulose SFG spectrum is sensitive to cellulose microfibril alignment and packing within the cell wall. SFG intensity at 2,944 cm(-1) correlated well with crystalline cellulose contents of various regions of th...

in the present study, the synthesis of diethylene triamine supported on cellulose biopolymer as a biodegradable solid basic heterogeneous catalyst was suggested. then, the applicability of the synthesized catalyst cellulose bonded n-propyl diethylene triamine (cbpdeta) was tested for the synthesis of oxindole derivatives, an important class of potentially bioactive compounds. a various series o...

maryam zaheri1, ali gholami1*, habibollah nadian2, ebrahim panahpour1 1- department of soil science, college of agriculture, ahvaz branch, islamic azad university, ahvaz, iran 2- department of soil science, college of agriculture, ramin agriculture university, ahvaz, iran * corresponding author: [email protected] received: 22 may 2015                                                      ...

abstract— in the present study, genetic programming (gp) as a completely different approach in comparison with conventional methods, based on the imitation of natural evolution of living organism is proposed for the prediction of cellulose acetate (ca) polymeric membrane characteristics. the membrane preparation parameters of polymer concentration, additive concentration and coagulation bath te...

Heparin has been shown to antagonize myotoxic effects of crotaline venoms. Here a very low heparin concentration (LHC) was examined in its ability to antagonize the neurotoxic/myotoxic effects of Bothrops jararacussu venom and its phospholipase A(2) myotoxin, bothropstoxin-I (BthTX-I), in an in vitroz nerve-muscle preparation and in mice gastrocnemius. Normalization of results was done by assay...

Histones are small polycationic proteins complexed with DNA located in the cell nucleus. Upon apoptosis they are secreted from the cells and react with extracellular polyanionic compounds. Actin which is a polyanionic protein, is also secreted from necrotic cells and interacts with histones. We showed that both histone mixture (histone type III) and the recombinant H2A histone bundles F-actin, ...

The effect of heparin and poly-L-glutamate on the function of inhibitory M2 muscarinic autoreceptors on parasympathetic nerves in the lung was tested in antigen-challenged guinea pigs. After antigen challenge, M2 receptor function is decreased, thus increasing release of acetylcholine from the vagus and potentiating vagally induced bronchoconstriction. Guinea pigs were anesthetized, tracheostom...

The pathological foundation of human prion diseases is a result of the conversion of the physiological form of prion protein (PrP(c)) to the pathological protease resistance form PrP(res). Most patients with prion disease have unknown reasons for this conversion and the subsequent development of a devastating neurodegenerative disorder. The conversion of PrP(c) to PrP(res), with resultant propa...

G.H. Pollack, W.-C. Chin (eds.), Phase Transitions in Cell Biology, ©C Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2008 Abstract The cortical gel layer of nerve fibers has the properties of a cationexchanger. Hence, this layer can, and actually does, undergo a reversible abrupt structural change when monovalent cations (e.g. Na+) are substituted for the di­ valent counter-ions (e.g. Ca2+). This struct...

BACKGROUND In converting biomass to bioethanol, pretreatment is a key step intended to render cellulose more amenable and accessible to cellulase enzymes and thus increase glucose yields. In this study, four cellulose samples with different degrees of polymerization and crystallinity indexes were subjected to aqueous sodium hydroxide and anhydrous liquid ammonia treatments. The effects of the t...