Results from epidemological studies are consistent with the hypothesis that disparities in venous thromboembolism (VTE) burden are attributable to differences in genetic structure among populations from different genetic backgrounds. To that end, recent genetic studies have demonstrated not only potential associations between certain alleles and VTE but also clear differences in the distributio...

There are more than 60 species in the genus Phytophthora (94), and most are destructive plant pathogens. Extensive efforts are directed at the control of Phytophthora diseases each year, yet they still cause serious crop losses. For example, more than $200 million in lost production annually is attributed to Phytophthora diseases in Australia alone (47). Late blight, caused by P. infestans, pro...

Next-generation sequencing technologies are making a substantial impact on many areas of biology, including the analysis of genetic diversity in populations. However, genome-scale population genetic studies have been accessible only to well-funded model systems. Restriction-site associated DNA sequencing, a method that samples at reduced complexity across target genomes, promises to deliver hig...

Electrophoresis as such has been applied for many purposes, among these, analysis of isozymes or isoenzymes. As the designation indicates, this is a group of enzymes having the same catalytic ability, i.e. they catalyse the same chemical reaction. Due to the fact that enzymes are proteins and built from amino acids, they possess an electric change so isozymes are enzymes with the same catalytic...

Comparative population studies can help elucidate the influence of historical events upon current patterns of biodiversity among taxa that coexist in a given geographic area. In particular, comparative assessments derived from population genetics and coalescent theory have been used to investigate population dynamics of bacterial pathogens in order to understand disease epidemics. In contrast, ...

1. Species diversity can affect many ecological processes; much less is known about the importance of population genetic diversity, particularly for the population dynamics of associated species. Genetic diversity within a host species can create habitat diversity; when associated species move among hosts, this variation could affect populations additively (an effect of average habitat) or non-...

The endangered winged mapleleaf, Quadrula fragosa once occurred in the Mississippi, Tennessee, Ohio, and Cumberland River basins in the United States. While the range of this species was thought to have been reduced to a single population in the St. Croix River (Minnesota/Wisconsin), individuals morphologically similar to Q. fragosa recently have been recorded in three southern states: Missouri...

This paper shows that differentiating the lifetimes of two phenotypes independently from their fertility can lead to a qualitative change in the equilibrium of a population: since survival and reproduction are distinct functional aspects of an organism, this observation contributes to extend the population-genetical characterisation of biological function. To support this statement a mathematic...

The study of evolutionary biology is commonly divided into two components: study of the processes by which evolutionary change occurs and study of the patterns produced by those processes. By “pattern” we mean primarily the pattern of phylogenetic relationships among species or genes. Studies of evolutionary processes often don’t often devote too much attention to evolutionary patterns, except ...