There has been an academic interest in fatwas regarding abortion since the 1980s (Anees 1989; Rispler-Chaim 1993, 2003; Faúndes, Barzelatto 2006). With globalisation of ummah – Islamic community and expansion internet, online have started to provide normative answers inquiries from Muslims all over world. Van den Branden Broeckaert researched non-voluntary euthanasia assisted suicide expressed ...

Hybrid strains Escherichia coli acquires genetic characteristics from multiple pathotypes and is speculated to be more virulent; however, understanding their pathogenicity elusive. Here, we performed genome-based characterization of the hybrid enteropathogenic (EPEC) enterotoxigenic E. (ETEC), that cause diarrhea mortality in children. The virulence genes isolated different sources South Korea ...

Infectious bursal disease (IBD) is a highly contagious disease of chickens caused by the infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV). This study was conducted to characterize three IBDV strains from Iran. A reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) procedure was used to amplify a 715-bp fragment of the VP1 gene from IBDV strains. Amplified VP1 fragments of the three Iranian IBDV strai...

We conducted a survey of diarrhea stool samples in which no virulent agents had previously been detected at clinical laboratories. DNA extracted directly and purified from the diarrhea stool was tested for bacterial pathogenic genes by polymerase chain reaction. The test results for 85 specimens were as follows: one sample was positive for lt, ipaH, and eae; two were positive for aggR; and eigh...

Here we describe the differences and similarities between training General Practitioners (GPs) to manage depression in primary care and issuing them with guidelines, and a system of Collaborative care in the treatment of depression between primary and secondary care. From these we deduce the reasons why collaborative care may offer better treatment outcomes than the issuing of guidelines to GPs.

The article discusses the jung sets, that is, set of sharia rulings - programs (codes) compiled by mufti, alam and qazi(judge) in Mowarounnahr. Information is given about composition copies Jungs for whom what purpose. A valid jurisprudential issue recognized local scholars over years order to coordinate proceedings judicial courts various collections consisting fatwas, different aspects conten...

An assay technique, homogeneous enzyme immunoassay, is described for the quantitative determination of morphine derivatives in biological fluids. An enzyme is labeled with morphine. When the enzymelabeled morphine is bound by antimorphine antibodies, the enzyme is rendered inactive. Free morphine competes with enzyme-morphine for antibody binding sites preventing inhibition of enzyme activity. ...