IUD's like Lippes Loop (LL), intended for long term use are retained for years and menopausal ladies often present with LL in situ either deliberately or forgotten. We report a case of Lippes Loop removal inserted 45 years back in a woman complaining of post menopausal bleeding. The inserted LL thread was incidentally discovered during clinical examination and Ultrasonography. We also reviewed ...

Globally, breast cancer is the most common incident and cause of deaths in women. The incidence suddenly increases from age 40 continues to increase until 84 years. These coincide with perimenopause menopause periods.

Hot flash is among the most common complaints of menopausal women, affecting their career, social activities and quality of life. This study aimed to investigate the effects of Valerian on hot flashes in menopausal women. In this double blind clinical trial, 68 menopausal women with the chief complaint of hot flash were enrolled using sampling at hand and were randomly divided into drug and pla...

INTRODUCTION Complete labia fusion is a rare clinical entity in post-menopausal women. The most common complications of this presentation are infections of the urinary tract and retention of urine in the vagina. We present the case of a post-menopausal woman with adnexal mass and abdominal pain due to fusion of the labia majora. To the best of our knowledge this is the first report in the liter...

BACKGROUND In the post-Women's Health Initiative Study era few post-menopausal women complete long term hormonal treatment (HT). OBJECTIVE To analyse metabolic/hormonal parameters and frequency of the metabolic syndrome (METS) in post-menopausal women after 10 years of HT. METHODS Retrospective data from parallel cohorts of post-menopausal women receiving HT for 10 years was analysed. Regim...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the role of vaginal fractional CO2 laser treatment in the relief of Overactive Bladder (OAB) symptoms in post-menopausal women. PATIENTS AND METHODS Post-menopausal women who complained of one or more symptoms related to vulvo-vaginal atrophy (VVA), who experienced symptoms of OAB and who underwent vaginal treatment with fractional CO2 laser were enrolled in the study. A...