BACKGROUND Clinical decision-making and prognostic statements in individuals with manifest or suspected temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) may involve assessment of (a) the position of articular disc relative to the mandibular condyle, (b) the location of the condyle relative to the temporal joint surfaces, and (c) the depth of the glenoid fossa of the temporomandibular joints (TMJs). The aim o...

The normal and lateral line cycloid scales of a cyprinid fish Rutilus frisii kutum Kamenskii, 1901 have been subjected to scanning electron microscopy technique to study their detailed structure. The scales have the general morphological characteristics of the cycloid scales. In the normal scale located below the dorsal fin, the focus lies on the anterior region with few mucous pores. There is ...

Background The Insall-Burstein posterior-stabilized knee design was first developed in 1978 by adding a central cam mechanism to the articular surface geometry of total condylar prosthesis correct its problems being not “rolling back”. Since then, use (PS) implants arthroplasty (TKA) is becoming increasingly popular. However, one main disadvantages PS designs related amount bone removed during ...

Unicystic ameloblastoma is a slow-growing tumor originating from the odontogenic epithelium that can be localized within lining of cyst. It commonly affects younger individuals and frequently found in posterior mandible. The classification this based on histopathological characteristics, distinguishing between luminal, intraluminal, mural proliferation epithelium. Treatment options vary dependi...

Recent studies have begun to shed light on the molecular guidance cues controlling anterior-posterior axon guidance. Two recent studies in the current issue of Developmental Cell show that Wnts play critical roles in patterning processes and directing neuronal migration in C. elegans. Together with previous findings in vertebrates and flies, these new results establish conserved function of Wnt...

To make artificial knee joints have lower long-term wear rate, a new method for reformed design of sagittal femoral condylar geometry based on TRIZ (Theory of Inventive Problem Solving) was proposed. Firstly, according to the development history of sagittal femoral condylar geometry and evolution theory of TRIZ, future state of the evolution line of femoral condylar geometry in sagittal plane w...

PURPOSE This study was performed to evaluate condylar surface changes and remodeling after orthognathic surgery using three-dimensional computed tomography (3D CT) imaging, including comparisons between the right and left sides and between the sexes. MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty patients (20 males and 20 females) who underwent multi-detector CT examinations before and after surgery were select...

t-condylar fracture of the distal humerus is rare in the skeletally immature children and is very rare in young children, under 9 years of age. this fracture has been classified  as:  type a ( minimally displaced or undisplaced), type b (displaced  but  not comminuted ) and type c (displaced and comminuted). herein, we report a t-condylar fracture of the distal humerus in a 5-yr-old boy. this f...

The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is known as the main restraint of anterior tibial translation of the knee joint during movements. Loss of the ACL disrupts the delicate balance of knee structures and may lead to knee joint instability. This, in turn, may cause further damage to the knee structures. Because of the complexity of the knee joint, the movements of the tibia relative to the femur...

Idiopathic condylar resorption almost exclusively affects women. Its exact etiology and pathogenesis remain unclear. It has been associated with rheumatoid arthritis, temporomandibular joint internal derangement, condylar fractures, connective tissue or autoimmune diseases, orthodontic treatment, and orthognathic surgery. In most cases, however, there is no identifiable precipitating event, hen...