In previous studies, we found a strong reduction in contrast perception and retinal contrast gain in patients with major depression, which normalized after remission of depression. We also identified a possible role of the dopaminergic system in this effect, because visual contrast perception depends on dopaminergic neurotransmission. Dopamine is also known to play an important role in the path...

BACKGROUND DSM-IV specifies three ADHD subtypes; the combined, the hyperactive-impulsive and the inattentive. Little is known about the developmental relationships underlying these subtypes. The objective of this study was to describe the development of parent-reported hyperactivity-impulsivity and inattention symptoms from childhood to adolescence and to study their associations with genetic f...

OBJECTIVE The aim of this study is to identify the clinical characteristics in adolescents newly diagnosed with ADHD. METHOD Data of patients aged 7 to 17 years diagnosed with ADHD were collected and analyzed. The patients were divided into adolescents aged 13 to 17 years (Group I) and children aged 7 to 12 years (Group II): 592 males and 231 females. Group I consists of 450 participants, and...

INTRODUCTION The world prevalence of ADHD ranges between 5-10%. The prevalence in Israel was generally studied from prescriptions of methylphenidate and not from cohorts of children. METHODS We assessed the prevalence of ADHD among a cohort of early school age children in the Jewish and Arab populations using DSM-IV criteria and evaluated the difference between teachers' and parental assessme...

OBJECTIVE The current study examined the impact of the gender of children with ADHD on teachers' perceptions toward inattentive, hyperactive, or oppositional behaviors, and how these perceptions relate to teachers' ratings of children's impairment and referral recommendations. METHOD Teachers read eight vignettes depicting boys and girls with different subtypes of ADHD, as well as one depicti...

Studies examining the biological and neuropsychological processes underlying attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) suggest that error indices from the A-X Continuous Performance Test (A-X CPT) might represent useful endophenotypes for ADHD. The current study extended such findings by evaluating the utility of these putative endophenotypes in the context of a molecular genetic study. O...

QUESTION Question: What is the predictive validity of the revised Conners' Teacher Rating Scale (CTRS-R) for identifying children with attention defi cit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in a clinical sample compared with the Telephone Teacher Interview (TTI-IV)? Patients: 1038 children aged 6–12 years referred for assessment of attention, learning and behavioural problems to a paediatric clinic (...

objective: attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (adhd) is one of the most common behavioral ‎disorders in children effecting the families and society. this systematic review examined ‎the literature on the role of lead exposure in children with adhd‏ ‏symptoms. articles were ‎analytically compared, focusing on the methodology used to assess exposure and‏ ‏adverse ‎effects‏ ‏on children with...

Researchers conducting candidate gene studies of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) typically obtain symptom ratings from multiple informants (i.e., mothers, fathers, and teachers) and use a psychologist's best estimate or a simple algorithm, such as taking the highest symptom ratings across informants, to construct diagnostic phenotypes for estimating association. Nonetheless, the...