the main goal of this study was to investigate the way of affecting of water in production of cucumber. from aspect of econometrics, mutual relationships of production function and expenses have been analyzed in which translog cost function has been used. this function has been estimated using the conditional input demand functions, the shefard theorem, chemical fertilizer, animal fertilizer, l...

In this article, we focus on the markup practice of dynamic pricing in which a firm uses real-time inventory information to decide the most opportune time to raise its sales prices. In our model, demand arrives as a Poisson process in which the instantaneous rate is a product of two terms, one dependent on current price and the other on present time. Through a mixed use of mathematical inductio...

A merchant holding a fixed inventory of a perishable good is better off (at least in the short run) discounting his stock than allowing it to perish. This is true whether the item being sold is physically perishable, needs to be removed from the store by certain “out date,” or a service that uses fixed capacity. The decision to sell inventory at a discount changes the future expectations of cus...

this study deals with a two-level supply chain consisting of one manufacturer and one retailer. we consider an integrated production inventory system where the manufacturer processes raw materials in order to deliver finished product with imperfect quality to the retailer, where number of defective product has a uniform distribution. the retailer receives product and conducts a 100% inspection....

Much of the burgeoning distress of the 1990s in the United States retail space markets reflects a mismatch in the amount and location of retail space demand and supply. Understanding the demand and supply for retail space is critically important to academics, professionals and others associated with owning, operating and financing retail space. Using data from nineteen major metropolitan statis...

W retailers have sales data to forecast demand, manufacturers have a broad understanding of the market and the coming trends. It is well known that pooling such demand information within a distribution channel improves supply chain logistics. However, little is known about how information-sharing affects wholesale pricing incentives. In this paper, we investigate a channel structure where a man...