An (A,B)-cyclic submodule M is generated by the states of one single trajectory of a linear control system whose parameters come from a commutative ring. M is “finite”, when it is generated by the states of a “deadbeat-control” process. Motivations and basic properties of such modules are given and among several further results it is shown that the family of finite (A,B)-cyclic submodules is an...

The purpose of this paper is to investigate pure submodules of multiplication modules. We introduce the concept of idempotent submodule generalizing idempotent ideal. We show that a submodule of a multiplication module with pure annihilator is pure if and only if it is multiplication and idempotent. Various properties and characterizations of pure submodules of multiplication modules are consid...

In this paper we study totally projective QTAG-modules and the extensions of bounded QTAG-modules. In the first section we study totally projective modules M/N and M ′/N ′ where N , N ′ are isomorphic nice submodules of M and M ′ respectively. In fact the height preserving isomorphism between nice submodules is extented to the isomorphism from M onto M ′ with the help of Ulm-Kaplansky invariant...

Invertibility of multiplication modules All rings are commutative with 1 and all modules are unital. Let R be a ring and M an R-module. M is called multiplication if for each submodule N of M, N=IM for some ideal I of R. Multiplication modules have recently received considerable attention during the last twenty years. In this talk we give the de nition of invertible submodules as a natural gene...

Let R = Z4 be the integer ring mod 4. A double cyclic code of length (r, s) over R is a set that can be partitioned into two parts that any cyclic shift of the coordinates of both parts leaves invariant the code. These codes can be viewed as R[x]-submodules of R[x]/(xr −1)×R[x]/(xs−1). In this paper, we determine the generator polynomials of this family of codes as R[x]-submodules of R[x]/(xr −...

It is proven that each indecomposable injective module over a valuation domain R is polyserial if and only if each maximal immediate extension R̂ of R is of finite rank over the completion R̃ of R in the R-topology. In this case, for each indecomposable injective module E, the following invariants are finite and equal: its Malcev rank, its Fleischer rank and its dual Goldie dimension. Similar res...

Modular multilevel converters (MMCs) have enabled new and demanding applications for power electronics in the high voltage/high range. In these applications, very fast tight control of all variables MMC is prime importance. This article presents a multivariable (MVC) concept, which enables independent extremely essential variables. For each variable, tolerance band can be specified, strictly me...

This paper focuses on the engineering trade-offs in designing capacitor voltage balancing schemes for modular multilevel converters (MMC) HVDC: regulation performance and switching loss. MMC is driven by the on/off switch operation of numerous submodules and the key design concern is balancing submodule capacitor voltages minimizing switching transition among submodules because it represents th...

M be a module. In this article we study δ–essential submodules as a dual of δ-small submodules of Zhou where δ = {N ∈ σ[M ] : Rej(N,M) = 0} and M = {N ∈ σ[M ] : N ¿ b N}, and also define μ-M–singular modules as modules N ∈ σ[M ] such that N ∼= K/L for some K ∈ σ[M ] and L is μ–essential in K. By M–M–singular modules and δ–M– singular modules a characterization of GCO–modules, and by FC–M–singul...