Five unmasked-and four masked-priming lexical decision experiments were carried out in Spanish in order to probe the data structures and processing routines that are exploited during the comprehension of inflected words. In unmasked priming, responses to targets (e.g., mor-os 'Moors') were inhibited when they were preceded by stem-homograph primes (mor-ir 'to die') compared to unrelated control...

in this study, we aimed to determine the effects of halo-priming on yield and yield components of four wheat cultivars in a saline soil. a field study was conducted in factorial based on randomized complete block design (rcbd). soil ph was 8/1 and electrical conductivity was 9 ds/m. wheat cultivars (falat, ghods, chamran and shoori4) were primed with cacl2 solutions (control, 0, 50 and 100 mm)....

In order to determine the impact of thermo priming on germination of soybean seeds, an experiment was conducted as a completely randomized design with three replications. The factors of studied included different time thermo priming (control, 5 and 10 minutes) through the placing seeds were exposed to oven. The results showed that the effect of thermo priming was significant on germination perc...

Semantic priming refers to the phenomenon that participants typically respond faster to targets following semantically related primes as compared to semantically unrelated primes. In contrast, Wentura and Frings (2005) found a negatively signed priming effect (i.e., faster responses to semantically unrelated as compared to semantically related targets) when they used (a) a special masking techn...

Attention shifts are facilitated if the items to be attended remain the same across trials. Some researchers argue that this priming effect is perceptual, whereas others propose that priming is postperceptual, involving facilitated response selection. The experimental findings have not been consistent regarding the roles of variables such as task difficulty, response repetition, expectancies, a...

Electrical stimulation at a locomotor site can prime (i.e., shorten the latency to initiate) stepping elicited by subsequent stimulation of the same or a different site. We tested for the priming effect in representative sites along the medial forebrain bundle, and determined if its magnitude showed regional differences. Rats (n = 20) were anesthetized with Nembutal and held in a stereotaxic ap...

What we have recently seen generally has a large effect on how we consequently perceive our visual environment. Such priming effects play a surprisingly large role in visual search tasks, for example. It is unclear, however, whether different features of an object show independent but simultaneous priming. For example, if the color and orientation of a target item are the same as on a previous ...

This study is to verify whether and how a “China-made” label can influence online consumers' product evaluation as adding labels highlight products' attributes has become an acquainted measure by e-tailers/firms attract attentions. For this purpose, we conduct 2 (label of vs. no label) x 3 (patriotism priming nationalism priming) between-subject factorial design hypotheses. The results reveal t...

In order to investigate the effect of seed pretreatment with growth regulators on biochemical characteristics of red bean genotypes, a factorial experiment was carried out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. In this research, seed pretreatment with growth regulators namely salicylic acid (SA) and naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) were applied at four levels including P0: ...

Key points Neurons in the retrosplenial cortex (RSC), a cerebral region that connects synaptically with various brain regions, are known to increase neuronal activity accordance hippocampal sharp wave-ripples. Pyramidal cells granular RSC (gRSC) layer 2/3, but not 5, exhibit slowly ramping depolarization and considerably delayed spikes response step-pulse current injection. The latencies of 2/3...