We investigate whether people predict the biases of others with an experiment that matches agents with informed or uninformed principals. While the agents’ beliefs are well-calibrated regarding the average task performance, they also correctly believe that informed principals monitoring their performance project their information and overestimate the likelihood of success for agents. The agents...

This paper reports on a two-task principal-agent experiment in which only one task is contractible. The principal can either offer a piece-rate contract or a (voluntary) bonus to the agent. Bonus contracts strongly outperform piece rate contracts. Many principals reward high efforts on both tasks with substantial bonuses. Agents anticipate this and provide high efforts on both tasks. In contras...

An approach to the formal description of service contracts is presented in terms of automata. We focus on the basic property of guaranteeing that in the multi-party composition of principals each of them gets his requests satisfied, so that the overall composition reaches its goal. Depending on whether requests are satisfied synchronously or asynchronously, we construct an orchestrator that at ...

This review of literature analyzes the factors that lead to teacher burnout including increased demands, unrealistic expectations, and lack of administrative or collaborative peer support. The roles of the mediating factors such as principal support, physical activity, classroom management, social support, psychological support, and teacher preparation programs are discussed. The focus of the a...

Security protocols have been recently found with subtle flaws due to incomplete or ambiguous specification. Although formal methods have remarkably assisted in protocol analysis, they ignores the effect of hostile/uncertain environment, which might lead to inconsistent belief that can be held by principals in delivered messages. This discrepant belief may prevent us from representing the insecu...

We introduce ctm, a process calculus which embodies a notion of trust for global computing systems. In ctm each principal (location) is equipped with a policy, which determines its legal behaviour, and with a protocol, which allows interactions between principals and the flow of information from principals to policies. We elect to formalise policies using a Datalog-like logic, and to express pr...

The purpose of the study was to gain a better understanding of the social and motivational antecedents of transformational leadership perceptions. Drawing on self-determination theory, a model was proposed in which perceptions of quality of relationships predict perceptions of transformational leadership behaviour through autonomous motivation and self-efficacy. Data were collected from 568 sch...

This paper reports on a two-task principal-agent experiment in which only one task is contractible. The principal can either offer a piece-rate contract or a (voluntary) bonus to the agent. Bonus contracts strongly outperform piece rate contracts. Many principals reward high efforts on both tasks with substantial bonuses. Agents anticipate this and provide high efforts on both tasks. In contras...

The ‘ratchet effect’ refers to a situation where a principal uses private information that is revealed by an agent’s early actions to the agent’s later disadvantage, in a context where binding multi-period contracts are not enforceable. In a simple, context-rich environment, we experimentally study the robustness of the ratchet effect to the introduction of ex post competition for principals or...

This paper introduces the semantic of Multiparty Joint Authentication (MJA) into the authentication service, which is to find simplified or optimal authentication solutions for all involved principals through their transitive trust instead of to authenticate each pair of principals in turn. MJA is designed to support multiparty security contexts in grids with a specified, understood level of co...