Magnetorheological fluids have received widespread attention as smart materials due to their tunable properties. MRF consists of three key components including, soft magnetic particles, carrier liquids, and additives. This review details the characteristics, composition, and rheological principle of MRF, working principle of MRF devices, and their applications in other engineering arenas. The a...

A new Inexact-Restoration method for Nonlinear Programming is introduced. The iteration of the main algorithm has two phases. In Phase 1, feasibility is explicitly improved and in Phase 2 optimality is improved on a tangent approximation of the constraints. Trust regions are used for reducing the step when the trial point is not good enough. The trust region is not centered in the current point...

We argue that quality attributes of a component are most often not a constant property. Muchmore, the quality of a component heavily depends on the specific usage context. Therefore, we present a specification method for contractually specified components which does not specify quality attributes as constants but as functions to be evaluated at deployment. The contribution of this paper is thre...

Separation of concerns is a principle we apply to reduce complexity. This principle is especially important when it is used to separate stable from flexible parts of software systems to reduce the complexity of software evolution. We encapsulate the stable parts as components and the flexible parts as scripts. But there is a large range of requirements and consequent techniques available to ach...

background: municipal solid waste (msw) is the natural result of human activities. msw generation modeling is of prime im­portance in designing and programming municipal solid waste management system. this study tests the short-term pre­diction of waste generation by artificial neural network (ann) and principal component-regression analysis. methods: two forecasting techniques are presented in...

the geometric mean particle diameter (dg) and lime are two of the most important properties from the viewpoint of soil management. nowadays remote sensing technology which has emerged walking with science development throughout the world, has made soil study faster, more facile and more cost-efficient. an investigation of soil dg and lime was performed in pol-e-dokhtar area by use of four sets ...