The motivation behind ‘‘Probabilistic Indexing’’ was to replace two-valued thinking about information retrieval with probabilistic notions. This involved a new view of the information retrieval problem – viewing it as problem of inference and prediction, and introducing probabilistically weighted indexes and probabilistically ranked output. These ideas were first formulated and written up in Au...

Set-valued information systems are generalized models of single-valued information systems. In this paper, we propose two new relations for set-valued information systems. Based on these two relations, the concepts of knowledge information entropy, knowledge rough entropy, knowledge granulation and knowledge granularity measure are defined in set-valued information systems, and some properties ...

Probabilistic automata constitute a versatile and elegant model for concurrent probabilistic systems. They are equipped with a compositional theory supporting abstraction, enabled by weak probabilistic bisimulation serving as the reference notion for summarising the effect of abstraction. This paper considers probabilistic automata augmented with costs. It extends the notions of weak transition...

‎Let $M(X‎, ‎mathcal{A}‎, ‎mu)$ be the ring of real-valued measurable functions‎ ‎on a measure space $(X‎, ‎mathcal{A}‎, ‎mu)$‎. ‎In this paper‎, ‎we characterize the maximal ideals in the rings of real measurable functions‎ ‎and as a consequence‎, ‎we determine when $M(X‎, ‎mathcal{A}‎, ‎mu)$ is a hereditary ring.

Spontaneous parametric down conversion (PDC), in the perturbative limit, can be considered as a probabilistic splitting of one input photon into two output photons. Conversely, sum-frequency generation (SFG) implements reverse process combining photons one. Here we show that single-photon projective measurement temporal-mode basis two-photon SFG effects generalized on state. We describe positiv...

In this technical report, the systematic investigation of lattice-valued possibilistic measures, opened in the first part of this report (cf. Technical Report No. 952, ICS AS CR, December 2005) is pursued and focused towards possibilistic variants of the notions of outer (upper) and lower (inner) possibilistic measures induced by a given partial possibilistic measure. The notion of Lebesgue mea...

Fuzzy valued measure is a mapping which maps a σalgebra to a set of fuzzy set with convex compact σlevel defined on banach space (β). In this paper, we investigate the notion of decomposition and representation of fuzzy valued measure (F.V.M) is given in the sequence of singular valued measure. Also we have been studied and develop the notion of integrals with the aid of F.V.M under closed inte...