Density Estimation: Deals with the problem of estimating probability density functions (PDFs) based on some data sampled from the PDF. May use assumed forms of the distribution, parameterized in some way (parametric statistics); or May avoid making assumptions about the form of the PDF (nonparametric statistics). We are concerned more here with the non-parametric case (see Roger Barlow’s lectur...

Thinner spatial features can be observed from the high resolution of newly available spaceborne and airborne SAR images. Heterogeneous clutter models should be used to model the covariance matrix because each resolution cell contains only a small number of scatterers. In this paper, we focus on the use of a Fisher probability density function (pdf) to model the SAR clutter. First, the benefit o...

In this paper, we propose a threshold-system-based detector (TD) for detecting a known deterministic signal in independent non-Gaussian noise whose probability density function (pdf) is unknown but is symmetric and unimodal. The optimality of the proposed TD is proved under the assumptions of white noise, small signal, and a large number of samples. While previous TD designs need accurate infor...

Diffusion spectrum magnetic resonance imaging (DSI) allows the estimation of the displacement probability density function (pdf) of water molecules, which contain valuable information about the microgeometry of the medium where the diffusion process occurs. It provides a more general approach to disentangle complex fiber structures in biological tissues because it does not assume any particular...

We report a large-eddy simulation (LES)/probability density function (PDF) modeling study of a turbulent lifted ethylene jet flame in a heated air coflow, using a 22-species reduced chemical mechanism. In this flame, the central ethylene jet is ignited by the heated coflow, and the lifted jet flame base stabilization reaches a statistically stationary state. In this LES/PDF study, the filtered ...

Fertility rate is one of the most important global indexes. Past researchers found models which fit to age-specific fertility rates. For example, mixture probability density functions have been proposed for situations with bi-modal fertility patterns. This model is less useful for unimodal age-specific fertility rate patterns, so a model based on skew-symmetric (skew-normal) pdf was proposed by...

The class of location-scale finite mixtures is enduring interest both from applied and theoretical perspectives probability statistics. We establish prove the following results: to an arbitrary degree accuracy, (a) a continuous density function (PDF) can approximate any PDF, uniformly, on compact set; (b) for p?1, essentially bounded PDF in Lp, Lp norm.

Price return and P/E are two important factors for a lot of investors based on the latest studies by researchers in Tehran Stock market; however, it is expected that the price and the variation of that affect the return and the P/E of any given market as a complicated system. The Bohmian quantum mechanics used referring to the time correlation of return and P/E of the stock market under conside...

This paper investigates the asymptotic properties of the likelihood ratio statistic for testing homogeneity in normal mixture models in the presence of a structural parameter. The asymptotic null distributions of the ordinary likelihood ratio statistic and the modified likelihood ratio statistic are the same, having the probability density function(pdf) (1/2)g1(x)+(1/2)g2(x) where g1(x) and g2(...

In this paper an approach to the performance analysis of hybrid MRCS (Selection Maximal Ratio Combining) diversity system operating over Ricean fading channels is presented. Hybrid MRCS combining method has a simple implementation, where maximal-ratio combined signals are chosen on a selection combining basis. Closed form expressions are provided for standard first and second order statistical ...