Both fresh and processed foods make up vital parts of the food supply. Processed food contributes to both food security (ensuring that sufficient food is available) and nutrition security (ensuring that food quality meets human nutrient needs). This ASN scientific statement focuses on one aspect of processed foods: their nutritional impacts. Specifically, this scientific statement 1) provides a...

Face inversion effects are used as evidence that faces are processed differently from objects. Nevertheless, there is debate about whether processing differences between upright and inverted faces are qualitative or quantitative. We present two experiments comparing holistic processing of upright and inverted faces within the composite task, which requires participants to match one half of a te...

In this paper we produce tight guaranteed bounds for the error in the pointwise values of the derivatives of a post-processed nite element solution to a potential ow problem. The aim is to produce a tight envelope of certainty within which the exact value is guaranteed to lie. Our numerical experiments produce narrow envelopes at interior points and at points close to or on the boundary.

BACKGROUND There is an increasing reliance on processed foods globally, yet food composition tables include minimal information on their nutrient content. The Pacific Islands share common trade links and are heavily reliant on imported foods. The objective was to develop a dataset for the Pacific Islands on nutrient composition of processed foods sold and their sources. METHODS Information on...

In This Issue In This Issue Getting lamin B1 processed and organized amins are the building blocks of the nuclear lamina, a complex polymer attached to the nuclear envelope that is thought to be important for nuclear stability, chromatin organization, and gene expression. On page 1223, Maske et al. identify the protease responsible for processing lamin B1, demonstrate the existence of a nuclear...

James Reason's classic Swiss cheese model is a vivid and memorable way to visualise how patient harm happens only when all system defences fail. Although Reason's model has been criticised for its simplicity and static portrait of complex systems, its use has been growing, largely because of the direct clarity of its simple and memorable metaphor. A more general, more flexible and equally memor...

A sensitive, selective and generic method has been developed for the simultaneous determination of the contents ( g kg−1 range) of both volatile nitrosamines (VNA) and non-volatile nitrosamines (NVNA) in processed meat products. The extraction procedure only requires basic laboratory equipment and a small volume of organic solvent. Separation and quantification were performed by the developed L...

a boom in a wild population, although with some unintended consequences: As a way to feed the Soviet Union’s growing northern population, king crabs native to the North Pacific were introduced into the Barents Sea in the 1960s. Now thriving, this population has been welcomed by the fishing industry, as these crabs are a profitable catch. Unfortunately, these crabs are also ravenous omnivores an...

Stress responses are of particular importance to microorganisms, because their habitats are subjected to continual changes in temperature, osmotic pressure, and nutrients availability. Stressors (and stress factors), may be of chemical, physical, or biological nature. While stress to microorganisms is frequently caused by the surrounding environment, the growth of microbial cells on its own may...