This paper investigates the importance of firm-to-firm production network linkages for earnings inequality. We develop a quantitative model in which heterogeneous firms hire workers different abilities an imperfectly competitive labor market and source intermediates from suppliers network. The delivers equation with firm-specific wage premium that depends endogenously on both firm productivitie...

The availability of sufficient and economic online capacity to support the network while encountering disturbances and failures leading to supply and demand imbalance has a crucial role in today distribution networks with high share of Distributed Energy Resources (DERs), especially Renewable Energy Resources (RESs). This paper proposes a two-stage decision making framework for the Distribution...

this paper presents a probabilistic confidence-interval based method for optimal placement of shunt capacitors in distribution networks by considering probabilistic characteristics of loads. the main objective function are reducing loss and improving the voltage profile. backward forward sweep method has been employed to obtain the power flow results in distribution system. in addition, integer...

0278© 2002 All righ Archaeologists often stress the importance of sedentism, large population sizes, and the economy of scale in the development of ceramic technologies worldwide. Yet pottery making is known among many mobile and small-scale societies that make only small numbers of pots. Unfortunately, we know very little about how this technology was organized in such societies. Using Instrum...

energy management is one of the main ways of the efficient use of energy resources. the prediction of crop yields based on energy inputs can help farmers and policymakers to estimate the level of production. required data for study were randomly collected from 70 broiler farms in north west of iran. the input energies were included human labour, machinery, fuel, feed and electricity and the out...

A series of high-density polyethylene/Cloisite 20A/graphite nanocomposites were prepared via melt blending for the production of polymeric pipes for natural gas transfer. The microstructural, mechanical, thermal, electrical and barrier properties of prepared nanocomposites were investigated. An intercalated morphology was observed for prepared nanocomposites. Improved mechanical properties ...

In this paper, a new method for developing a lower bound on exact completion time distribution function of stochastic PERT networks is provided that is based on simplifying the structure of this type of network. The designed mechanism simplifies network structure by arc duplication so that network distribution function can be calculated only with convolution and multiplication. The selection of...

The Asia-Pacific region generates over half of global economic activity (54.2%) and about 43.7% of global trade, and is the most dynamic region in the global economy. At the core of this is an increasingly dynamic, vibrant and entrepreneurial small-medium sized enterprise sector. Advances in information and communications technology, market liberalisation and moves towards closer regional econo...