this paper is a state-of-the-art in sulphur-asphalt (sa) design technology based on a comprehensive analysis of current practice and technical literature, in order to investigate the possible use of sa pavements in iran. in this paper, the major aspects(material, technology, properties, production, placement, quality assurance, design, and field varification) of sa pavements are considered. fer...

Technology spillover from trade channel is important. Absorbing foreign technology by the channel of importation and using the latent technology in those products create export development, increase the quality and quantity of manufactured goods, and modify management, technology improvements and production of goods with high added value; this might favorise optimal allocation of resources. Imp...

Iranian bread production methods are often unsanitary, in the last decades, different attempts were made to mechanize production of Iranian breads, but a few of them, due to a variety of factors, could succeed. The aim of this study is to examine various factors affecting the system of bread production in Iran and to provide effective solutions for the development of mechanized bakeries as the ...

the purpose of this study is calculate the rate of total factor productivity (tfp) growth  of rice varieties for different provinces of  iran and then breakdown it to the changes in a technology, management efficiency and scale efficiency. for this purpose we use the nonparametric method of comprehensive data analysis and malmquist productivity index. the used data include the rice varieties pr...

Economic theory is, to a large extent, about money – about costs, prices, markets, return on investment, profit and similar economic concepts. This is also the case with the theory of production economics. However, the theory of production economics is special in that the limits of economic behaviour are defined by the technical production possibilities. Production technology is the decisive fa...

Thanks to the emergence of digital video, producing and distributing video is now possible in ways that were previously limited to video production companies. Yet the functions of current digital media players differ little from the VCR’s play, rewind, fast-forward, and pause functions, which may not support learning tasks appropriately. Therefore, we designed an enhanced digital media player, ...

multistage stochastic programming is a key technology for making decisions over time in an uncertain environment. one of the promising areas in which this technology is implementable, is medium term planning of electricity production and trading where decision makers are typically faced with uncertain parameters (such as future demands and market prices) that can be described by stochastic proc...

This paper examines the conditions under which a firm would choose a flexible production technology or a dedicated technology in a duopoly environment. We model this technology choice by having two firms simultaneously select from two production technologies in the first stage and subsequently take in a Cournot production quantity subgame. Conditions under which technology equilibriums exist ar...