Human prosocial behavior emerges in the 2nd year of life, posing challenging questions about mechanism. An increasingly common claim is that prosocial behavior in the first 3 years of life is neither a result of nor affected by socialization. In this article, we argue that early socialization plays a critical role in the developmental origins of prosocial behavior. To support this argument, we ...

This paper argues that social selection, materialist/structural and cultural/behavioural explanations for social inequalities in health are related to each other through the mechanism of socialization, seen here as a process through which societies shape patterns of behaviour and being that then affect health. Socialization involves the inter- and intragenerational transfer of attitudes, belief...

The economic literature analyses cultural transmission as the result of interactions between purposeful socialization decisions inside the family (‘direct vertical socialization’) and indirect socialization processes like social imitation and learning (‘oblique and horizontal socialization’). This article reviews the main contribution of these models from theoretical and empirical perspectives....

Abstract The chapter outlines the basic concepts and theories of socialization in sociology, and relates them to different arenas and agents of socialization, ranging from family and peers to modern media. The chapter examines socialization in light of social structures, social class and cultural patterns, emphasizing the strength of the culture of the taken-for-granted, as well as the child as...

Racial and ethnic socialization are important protective factors for minority children. In this study we investigated socialization in preschool-aged, African American, Latino, and biracial children. We believed that socialization would be a protective factor against child somatic complaints, pervasive developmental problems, and affective disorder. Also, we believed there was a protective/prot...

OBJECTIVES This study explores the subject of youth involved in violent groups or gangs, with the goal of further understanding the indoctrination, socialization, and culturalization processes undergone by youth involved in group violence or gangs. Furthermore, to examine the dynamics between peer pressure and other social factors (dating relationships, work, family, etc.) within the theoretica...

Recently, social scientists have become increasingly interested in the nature of communications from parents to children regarding ethnicity and race. Termed racial socialization, race-related messages to children may have important consequences for children's identity development and well-being. This study examined the frequency and correlates of two dimensions of racial socialization-messages...