Autophagy is an essential process of the eukaryotic cell allowing degradation and recycling of dysfunctional or non-functional cellular components either in response to physiological or pathological changes [1]. Beside proteasomemediated degradation, baseline autophagy serves as a major cellular pathway for long-lived protein and organelle turnover maintaining a well-balanced equilibrium betwee...

Metabolic mechanisms underlying the divergent response of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) to changes in dietary macronutrient composition were assessed. Fish were fed one of four isoenergetic diets having a digestible protein-to-digestible energy (DP:DE) ratio above or below the optimal DP:DE ratio for both species. At each DP:DE ratio, fat was subst...

Patients with cancer often undergo a specific loss of skeletal muscle mass, while the visceral protein reserves are preserved. This condition known as cachexia reduces the quality of life and eventually results in death through erosion of the respiratory muscles. Nutritional supplementation or appetite stimulants are unable to restore the loss of lean body mass, since protein catabolism is incr...

The interleukin 2 receptor alpha (IL2Ralpha; CD25; Tac) is the prototypic model for soluble receptor studies. It exists in vivo as a transmembrane complete molecule (TM-Tac) on cell surfaces and as a truncated soluble form (sTac; sIL2R alpha). sTac has been used as a serum marker of T cell activation in immune disorders and of tumor burden in Tac-expressing malignancies. In vivo, serum levels o...

The dietary protein to energy ratio (P/E) has proven influence utilization and/or growth in several fish species. This study intended unravel the bioavailability and metabolic fate of lysine methionine gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) juveniles fed plant diets with different P/E ratios. Seabream were two isonitrogenous (45% crude protein) differing lipids (20 14%): LowP/E ( <math xmlns="http:/...

It has long been known that insufficient intake of quality dietary protein or amino acids impairs immune function and increases susceptibility to infectious diseases&#x0D; Nutritional status in people infected with SARS-CoV-2 is a crucial factor for optimal prognosis can determine the clinical severity COVID-19. Insufficient energy reduce weight gain due inactivity during pandemic common mistak...

OBJECTIVE Hyperglycaemia is associated with increased mortality and morbidity after cardiac surgery. While surgical stress results in hyperglycaemia after all operations, it has been suggested that cardiopulmonary bypass is the dominating contributor after cardiac surgery. This study aimed to determine the contribution of cardiopulmonary bypass to hyperglycaemia after coronary artery bypass. ...

Par many years it has been known that purine catabolism in the rat results in the formation and subsequent urinary excretion of allantoin as the main end-product. Individual enzymes catalyzing the steps in purine catabolism have been identified and methods for assaying these enzymes in vitro have been developed. With the discovery that xanthine oxidase activity in vitro is influenced greatly by...

Phaeobacter sp. strain JL2886, isolated from deep seawater of the South China Sea, can catabolize d-amino acids. Here, we report the complete genome sequence of Phaeobacter sp. JL2886. It comprises ~4.06 Mbp, with a G+C content of 61.52%. A total of 3,913 protein-coding genes and 10 genes related to d-amino acid catabolism were obtained.

The inability of two Lactobacillus strains to ferment D-xylose was complemented by the introduction of Lactobacillus pentosus genes encoding D-xylose isomerase, D-xylulose kinase, and a D-xylose catabolism regulatory protein. This result opens the possibility of using D-xylose fermentation as a food-grade selection marker for Lactobacillus spp.