INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE Polymorphisms in genes encoding drug metabolizing enzymes may lead to varied enzyme activity and inter-individual variability in drug efficacy and/or toxicity. Since CYP2C19 and CYP3A4 genes code for enzymes involved in metabolizing wide variety of drugs including proton pump inhibitors, we sought to identify polymorphisms in these genes in order to study their impact...

Background: Five proton pump inhibitors are now available for use in North America. Claims of differences in the clinical efficacy of different strengths and/or agents have been made. Aim: To identify any consistent evidence of differences in outcomes between agents or doses within this class of drugs. Methods: A search of the medical literature was performed in two electronic databases, and ra...

STUDY OBJECTIVE To ascertain the relationship between warfarin therapy and subsequent hip fracture in a large elderly population. DESIGN Retrospective, population-based cohort study. SETTING Population-based health care administrative databases for Ontario, Canada. PATIENTS Elderly patients receiving warfarin (52,701 patients), thyroid replacement therapy (40,555), an oral corticosteroid ...

UNLABELLED Triple therapy is accepted as the treatment of choice for H. pylori eradication. In industrialized countries, a proton pump inhibitor plus clarithromycin and amoxicillin or nitroimidazole have shown the best results. Our aims were: 1. To study the eradication rate of the association of a proton pump inhibitor plus tinidazole and clarithromycin on H. pylori infection in our population...

Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are commonly prescribed drugs that decrease stomach acidity and are thus often used to treat gastroesophageal reflux disease and as a preventative agent for the adverse effects of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs on the stomach mucosa. In recently published literature, an association between proton pump inhibitor administration and increased fracture risk has b...

OBJECTIVES To establish the relation between new prescriptions for proton pump inhibitors and recorded upper gastrointestinal morbidity within a large computerised general practitioner database. DESIGN Retrospective survey of morbidity and prescribing data linked to new prescriptions for proton pump inhibitors and comparison with licensed indications between 1991 and 1995. SETTING General P...

The vacuolar proton pump is a highly-conserved multimeric enzyme that catalyzes the translocation of protons across the membranes of eukaryotic cells. Its largest subunit (95-116 kDa) occurs in tissue and organelle-specific isoforms and thus may be involved in targeting the enzyme or modulating its function. In amoebae of Dictyostelium discoideum, proton pumps with a 100 kDa subunit are found i...

S hould Helicobacter pylori infection be eradicated in patients requiring maintenance proton pump inhibitor therapy for gastro-oesophageal reflux disease? This question has stimulated heated debate and contention over the past few years. The issue first came to prominence in 1996 when Kuipers et al published their study purporting to demonstrate that omeprazole accelerated the development of co...

The mechanism by which electron transfer is coupled to proton pumping in cytochrome c oxidase is a major unsolved problem in molecular bioenergetics. In this work it is shown that, at least under some conditions, proton release from the enzyme occurs before proton uptake upon electron transfer to the heme/Cu active site of the enzyme. This sequence is similar to that of proton release and uptak...

Vesicular glutamate transporters (VGLUTs) accumulate the neurotransmitter glutamate in synaptic vesicles. Transport depends on a V-ATPase-dependent electrochemical proton gradient (ΔμH+) and requires chloride ions, but how chloride acts and how ionic and charge balance is maintained during transport is controversial. Using a reconstitution approach, we used an exogenous proton pump to drive VGL...