radial polydactyly, the most common digital duplication in asian and white populations, has a wide range of manifestations. its classification is useful for planning and assessing surgical treatment. our patient had four thumbs, duplicated radial carpal bones, and a bifurcated radius. this presentation is not covered by any of the current classifications. to the best of our knowledge, this is t...

commutative properties of four-dimensional generalized symmetric pseudo-riemannian manifolds were considered. specially, in this paper, we studied skew-tsankov and jacobi-tsankov conditions in 4-dimensional pseudo-riemannian generalized symmetric manifolds.

Urethral duplication is a rare congenital anomaly. Although a number of theories have been proposed to describe the embryology of the condition, the actual mechanism of the disorder is still unclear. We report here a case of urethral duplication in a 11-year-old boy complaining of a double stream, and review the current literature on this rare entity.

Gene duplication is a widely observed phenomenon in all three kingdoms of life and is considered to be a major driving force in the evolution of genomes and organisms. Gene duplication refers to any duplication event of a region of DNA that contains genes, eventually giving rise to gene families. In a classical sense, gene duplication is considered to predate functional diversification. When a ...

Data De-duplication is essentially a data compression technique for elimination of coarse-grained redundant data. A typical flavor of de-duplication detects duplicate data blocks within the storage device and de-duplicates them by placing pointers rather than storing multiple copies at various places within the disk. Since the advent of deduplication the conventional approach has been to scale-...

The ancient duplication of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae genome and subsequent massive loss of duplicated genes is apparent when it is compared to the genomes of related species that diverged before the duplication event. To learn more about the evolutionary effects of the duplication event, we compared the S. cerevisiae genome to other Saccharomyces genomes. We demonstrate that the whole genome...

Duplication of penis has been reported to occur once in every 5 to 6 million live births.[1] It presents as duplication of only glans to complete duplication of the phallus and usually associated with other anomalies like bifid scrotum, double bladder, vertebral anomalies and ano-rectal malformations etc.[2] With this backdrop, herein we present a newborn with complete duplication of the entire...