Orexin-A and Orexin-B (also known as hypocretin 1 and 2) are, respectively, 33and 28-amino acid residue peptides that activate a G-protein-coupled ‘orphan’ receptor, i.e. which has no known ligand.1 Immuno-cytochemical studies show that orexin-positive neurons are located in the lateral hypothalamic area and arcuate and perifornical nuclei.2 They are also found in various sites beyond the hypot...

BACKGROUND The classical extrapyramidal movement disorder following beta haemolytic streptococcus (BHS) infection is Sydenham's chorea (SC). Recently, other post-streptococcal movement disorders have been described, including motor tics and dystonia. Associated emotional and behavioural alteration is characteristic. AIMS To describe experience of post-streptococcal dyskinesias and associated ...

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INTRODUCTION Psychiatric comorbidity is common in patients with functional dyspepsia (FD) but a good screening tool for psychiatric disorders in gastrointestinal clinical practice is lacking. AIMS 1) Evaluate the performance and optimal cut-off of 12-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) as a screening tool for psychiatric disorders in FD patients; 2) Compare health-related quality of li...

STUDY OBJECTIVES To examine the association of sleep problems with psychiatric symptoms in children evaluated at a university-based outpatient child psychiatry clinic. METHODS Parents of 174 children attending psychiatric services completed a 47-item Childhood Sleep Questionnaire and the Behavioral Assessment System for Children. Psychiatric diagnosis was obtained through retrospective chart ...

BACKGROUND Childhood family income variation is an understudied aspect of households' economic context that may have distinct consequences for children. We identified trajectories of childhood family income over a 12-year period, and examined associations between these trajectories and later psychiatric disorders, among individuals born in Sweden between 1987 and 1991 (n=534 294). METHODS We ...

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) in children and adolescents (hereafter referred to as children) is a major public health problem. The incidence of TBI in children younger than 15 years is 400 cases per 100,000 each year. Psychiatrists have a crucial role in the management of young persons who have a TBI. In children with a TBI or other injuries, such as orthopedic injury fractures, there is a high...

AIM The relation of epilepsy with psychiatric disorders is of great interest to researchers due to its behavioral, social, and cognitive outcomes. In this study, we explored psychiatric comorbidity and its effects on quality of life (QOL) in patients with mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE) and juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME). METHODS Thirty patients with MTLE, 30 patients with JME, and 30...

BACKGROUND Thirty-five percent of all Emergency Department (ED) visits are for physical injury. OBJECTIVES To examine the proportion of patients presenting to an ED for physical injury with a history of or current Axis I/II psychiatric disorders and to compare patients with a positive psychiatric history, a negative psychiatric history, and a current psychiatric disorder. METHODS A total of...

The relationship between behavior problems and psychiatric disorders in individuals with intellectual disability is still unresolved. The present study compares the prevalence and pattern of psychiatric disorders in individuals with intellectual disability who were assessed on the ABC to have moderate and severe behavior problems and a matched group of individuals without such problems. Both gr...