We investigated the effects of stepwise hematocrit (Ht) increase on pulmonary circulation in conscious sheep (n = 7). The Ht was increased by an isovolumic exchange transfusion of blood with centrifuged red cells. By increasing the Ht-values, both systemic (PSA) and pulmonary artery pressures (PPA) were increased, with the degree of PPA increment greater than that of PSA. Cardiac output (CO) wa...

A young man with congenital absence of the left pulmonary artery is reported. A right aortic arch and normal pulmonary pressures essentially rule out an alternate diagnosis of occlusive chronic thrombus in the central pulmonary arteries. Recurrent or massive haemoptysis makes an exact knowledge of the pulmonary circulation advisable.

In chronic pulmonary emboli, lung perfusion may be maintained by either recanalization of occluded pulmonary artery segments or collateral bronchial circulation. We present a case of noncardiogenic pulmonary edema superimposed on chronic pulmonary emboli, in which the occluded segments of lung were spared from pulmonary edema, but not from neutrophil infiltration. This case demonstrates that ch...

To determine whether endothelin is extracted from plasma during passage through the pulmonary circulation, we measured its concentration at several points, including the pulmonary artery and the left superior pulmonary vein in seven patients undergoing cardiac surgery. Endothelin concentrations were very similar at all sites sampled. In patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting, there...

5. Dushane JW, Kirklin JW: Late results of the repair of ventricular septal defect on pulmonary vascular disease. In Advances in Cardiovascular Surgery, edited by Kirklin JW: New York, Grune and Stratton, 1973, p 9 6. Jarmakani MM, Graham TP Jr, Canent RV Jr., Spach MS, Capp MP: Effect of site of shunt on left heart volume characteristics in children with ventricular septal defect and patent du...

PULMONARY POSTNATAL NEOVASCULARIZATION or formation of de novo vessels in the adult lung has been controversial. Most of the argument has been focused on findings in the systemic circulation, which exhibits diverse degrees of angiogenesis (vessel formation from preexisting vessels) and arteriogenesis (collateral development proximal to a site of arterial occlusion). With the advent of stem cell...

1. Snellen HA, Van Ingen HC, Hoefsmit EChM: Patterns of anomalous pulmonary venous drainage. Circulation 38: 45, 1968 2. Frye RL, Krebs M, Rahimtoola SH, Ongley PA, Hallermann FJ, Wallace RB: Partial anomalous pulmonary venous connection without atrial septal defect. Am J Cardiol 22: 242, 1968 3. Baker CG, Benson PF, Joseph MC, Ross DN: Congenital mitral stenosis. Br Heart J 24: 498, 1962 4. Ni...

Bronchial supply plays an important role in both the protecting mechanisms and the pathogenic ones of many chronic inflammatory, infections or ischemic diseases of the lung. However, little is known regarding the bronchial supply development; the appearance of the connections to the functional pulmonary supply; the territory supplied by the bronchial veins. In this study, we follow the distribu...

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a progressive disease of the lung vasculature that involves the loss of endothelial function together with inappropriate smooth muscle cell growth, inflammation, and fibrosis. These changes underlie a progressive remodeling of blood vessels that alters flow and increases pulmonary blood pressure. Elevated pressures in the pulmonary artery imparts a chron...