Effects of three ions, Mn2+, Cu2+ and Zn2+ on biological treatment of pharmaceutical wastewaterby a functional strain Xhhh were investigated. Through orthogonal tests, Cu2+ was determined to be the most important factor influencing Xhhh biodegradation performance. Biodegradation kinetic experiments demonstrated that with Cu+ concentration at about 200 mg l(-1), the maximum of specific growth ra...

The rami cation and quali cation problems are two infa mous hard and ever present problems in databases and more generally in systems exhibiting a dynamic behavior The rami cation problem refers to determining the indirect e ects of actions whereas the qual i cation problem refers to determining the preconditions which must hold prior to the execution of an action A solution to these problems i...

Architectural design patterns capture architectural design experience and provide abstract solutions to recurring architectural design problems. Their description is usually expressed informally and it is not veri ed whether the proposed speci cation indeed solves the original design problem. As a consequence, an architect cannot fully rely on the speci cation when implementing a pattern to sol...

Finite-state veriication (e.g., model checking) provides a powerful means to detect errors that are often subtle and diicult to reproduce. Nevertheless , the transition of this technology from research to practice has been slow. While there are a number of potential causes for reluctance in adopting such formal methods in practice, we believe that a primary cause rests with the fact that practi...

We present a technique for verifying the timing speci cations of the interfaces between digital systems. The veri cation process takes as input the timing protocols of each component as well as the connectivity between the components. The technique proceeds in three steps. First, a graph is built, which describes the causal relationships of events which can occur in the complete system. Second,...

Transfer protocols are composed from basic protocol mechanisms and accordingly a complex protocol can be veriied by a series of relatively simple mechanism proofs. Our approach applies L. Lamport's Temporal Logic of Actions (TLA). It is based on a modular compositional TLA-style and supports the analysis of exibly conngured high-speed transfer protocols.

Ionization of a molecule can greatly alter its electronic structure as well as its geometric structure. In this collaborative experimental and theoretical study, we examined variance in hyperconjugation upon ionization of diethyl ether (DEE) and diethyl sulfide (DES). We obtained the experimental gas phase vibrational spectra of DEE, DES, DEE(+), DES(+), DEE(+)-Ar, and DES(+)-Ar in the wavenumb...

We study the classi cation of recursive predicates and languages. In particular, we compare the classi cation of predicates and languages with the classi cation of arbitrary recursive functions and with learning. Moreover, we re ne our investigations by introducing classi cation with a bounded number of mind changes and establish a new hierarchy. Furthermore, we introduce multi{classi cation an...

This paper presents an image classi cation algorithm using a multiresolution two dimensional hidden Markov model (HMM). The multiresolution two dimensional hidden Markov model is an extension from the two dimensional hidden Markov model for image classi cation. A classi er estimates model parameters using the EM algorithm. Classi cation is then performed according to the maximum a posteriori pr...