During the 1990s, the sustainable management of the forests issue has begun to attract the world’s attention, therefore, some forest management certifications started and began to spread to worldwide. In 1999, for the first time, in Maine, the USA, there was another kind of third party certification program called Maine Master Logger Certification (MLC) being established for loggers by local lo...

In the mobile distributed environment, an entity may move across domains with great frequency. How to utilize the trust information in the previous domains and quickly establish trust relationships with others in the current domain remains a challenging issue. The classic trust models do not support cross-domain and the existing cross-domain trust models are not in a fully distributed way. This...

A system is said to be fail-secure, sometimes confused with fail-safe, if it maintains its security requirements even in the event of some faults. Fail-secure analyses are required by some validation schemes, such as some Common Criteria or NATO certifications. However, it is an aspect of security which as been overlooked by the community. This paper attempts to shed some light on the failsecur...

This survey serves as the ninth in a series of toxicology salary surveys conducted at 3-year intervals and beginning in 1988. An electronic survey instrument was distributed to 5919 individuals including members of the Society of Toxicology, American College of Toxicology, and 23 additional professional organizations. Question items inquired about gender, age, degree, years of experience, certi...

Scanned certifications are widely used in China as proof of past achievements. To avoid repetitive usage of the same certification in various awards or funding applications, we design and implement a scanned-certification image retrieval system based on local object and block matching. The seal is used as a salient feature and a modified Hough round detection method is applied for extraction. A...

Third-party halal certifications are frequently used as the main distribution channels for stunned meat in UAE and other Muslim societies. Food inspectors not taught how to interact with these outside parties, which is cause of this. This sheds light on reason why food were unable thoroughly check packaged certifications. Hence, this paper presents a study determine success factors influencing ...

Aim of study: Focused on the coffee sector, purpose this paper was to determine implicit price paid for main sustainability certifications (Fairtrade, Organic, Rainforest Alliance and UTZ certifications) using hedonic approach.
 Area Spain.
 Material methods: The total sample included 645 coffees. characteristics were collected between months September October 2021 from packs sold in ...

We empirically analyze disclosure decisions made by 240 MBA programs about which rankings to display on their websites. We present three main findings. First, consistent with theories of countersignaling, top schools are least likely to disclose their rankings, whereas mid-ranked schools are most likely to disclose. Second, schools that do poorly in the U.S. News rankings are more likely to dis...

Mobile application markets thrive, yet they are held back from their full potential by the information asymmetry between application developers and application consumers. A consumer has no way to gauge the security or reliability of an application, and a developer has no way to differentiate his application from that of the competition based on these factors. We argue that the centralized natur...

ABPN ANd UCNS diPlomAteS Analysis of publicly available lists of Vascular Neurology diplomates from the ABPN and Neurocritical Care diplomates from the UCNS can provide a clearer understanding of subspecialization trends in Neurology. Both lists include the full legal name, degrees held, and city of residence at the time of certification. This allows for determination of which diplomates receiv...