Let $R$ be a commutative ring and let $I$ be an ideal of $R$. In this paper, we will introduce the notions of 2-absorbing $I$-prime and 2-absorbing $I$-second submodules of an $R$-module $M$ as a generalization of 2-absorbing and strongly 2-absorbing second submodules of $M$ and explore some basic properties of these classes of modules.

Hip fracture in the aged easily occurs by falls and may cause these persons to become bedridden. Hip pads are effective in protecting hip fracture as they directly deflect and absorb the impact forces by falls. It is necessary for the material and the structure of hip pads to be designed to realize both high impact absorption and compliance (comfort during wearing). In this report, an impact te...

We propose and theoretically investigate an efficient solar light absorber based on a multilayer structure consisting of tungsten nanoparticle layers and SiO2 layers. According to our calculation, average absorbance over 94% is achieved in the wavelength range between 400 and 2500 nm for the proposed absorber. The excellent performance of the absorber can be attributed to the localized surface ...

The study of DOPA (3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine) decarboxylase by steady-state methods is difficult because multiple reactions occur. The reaction with DOPA was studied at enzyme concentrations between 20 and 50 micrometer by direct observation of the bound coenzyme by using stopped-flow and conventional spectrophotometry. Four processes were observed on different time scales and three of these w...

In this paper we address a series of so-called local plane wave methods (LPW) to measure acoustic absorption. As opposed to other methods, these methods do not rely on assumptions of the global sound field, like e.g. a plane wave or diffuse field, but are based on a local plane wave assumption. Therefore, the LPW methods can be used for any given surface/absorbing material and any arbitrary sou...

Nondestructive, noncontact and real time evaluation of dielectric properties of low-loss liquids are important for applications such as service-aged transformer oil, biomedical, remote sensing and design of radar absorbing material. Free-space methods were developed to measure dielectric properties of low-loss liquids at microwave frequencies. Metal-back method was developed for Freespace Micro...

[1] In order to assess the nature of crater-associated radar-dark diffuse features (DDFs) on Venus and to understand their formation and evolution, we analyzed Magellan radar roughness, emissivity, and reflectivity data in the vicinity of craters accompanied by these features. Following others, we assumed that DDFs are deposits (mantles) of ejected material emplaced during formation of the impa...