The interception of moving targets is a complex activity that involves a dynamic interplay of several perceptual and motor processes and therefore involves a rich interaction among several brain areas. Although the behavioral aspects of interception have been studied for the past three decades, it is only during the past decade that neural studies have been focused on this problem. In addition ...

Aiming at the air defense task requirements for an enemy’s large-scale aircraft attack, this paper presents a plan generation algorithm which can quickly give interception scheme. The main contribution of is modification standard A* and its combination optimization air-defence mission. Firstly, attack weapon our platform are modeled, kinetic equations efficiency functions constructed, intercept...

Trees play a crucial role in the water, carbon and nitrogen cycle on local, regional and global scales. Understanding the exchange of momentum, heat, water, and CO 2 between trees and the atmosphere is important to assess the impact of drought, deforestation and climate change. Unfortunately, ground measurements of tree properties such as mass and canopy interception of precipitation are often ...

Plant canopy interception of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) drives carbon dioxide (CO2), water and energy cycling in the soil-plant-atmosphere system. Quantifying intercepted PAR requires accurate measurements of total incident PAR above canopies and direct beam and diffuse PAR components. While some regional data sets include these data, e.g. from Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (...

the main goal of this study was to compare of rainfall interception (i) by pinus eldarica and cupressus arizonica plantations afforested in the chitgar forest park in a semiarid climate zone of iran. from the september 2012 to september 2013, gross rainfall (gr) and throughfall (tf) were collected through 10 and 50 rain-gauges, respectively. i was calculated as the difference between gr and tf....

Among the plant factors, canopy geometry plays a crucial role in deciding the driving force for leaf biological processes since it modulates canopy interception of short-term radiation fluxes and it controls their distributions throughout the foliage (Monteith and Unsworth, 1990; Jones, 1992). In particular, it is recognized the biological role of PhAR (400-700 nm waveband) in driving the photo...

There is increasing interest in evaluating the environmental effects on crop architectural traits and yield improvement. However, crop models describing the dynamic changes in canopy structure with environmental conditions and the complex interactions between canopy structure, light interception, and dry mass production are only gradually emerging. Using tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) as a mo...