With advances in veterinary medicine that can increase the lifespan of cats and dogs and the effectiveness of spay/neuter programs in reducing the juvenile population of pets, animal shelters are experiencing an increasing population of older companion animals in their care. The purpose of this study was to assess the factors that inform the outcomes of these older cats and dogs. The sample con...

Rain cell size is an input requirement for rain-induced attenuation studies. It is useful in estimating the extent of a given radio link path that will traverse the rain medium in a given rain event. The “Synthetic Storm” approach, which requires 1-minute integration time data, is used to derive the proposed rain cell sizes for various climatic zones within South Africa. The conversion of the r...

Propagation measurements at Ku-band over an earth space path have been carried out at Kolkata (22°34’N, 88°29’E) by receiving a signal at 11.172 GHz from the satellite NSS-6 (geostationary at 95°E) since June 2004. The amplitudes of the co-polar signal and the cross-polar component have been monitored along with rain rate and drop size distribution measurements by an optical raingauge and a Jos...

In this paper, we propose an ameliorated physically-based rain rate estimation algorithm for semi-arid regions using the Rayleigh approximation. The proposed algorithm simultaneously uses the reflectivity and the specific differential phase to provide an accurate estimation for both small and large rain rates. In order to validate the proposed estimator, simulated polarimetric rain rate data ba...

Rain attenuation is an important aspect of signal propagation above 10GHz frequency. The attenuation time series generation from point rain rate measurement is crucial due to unavailability of actual signal measurements. In this paper, a simple and realistic approach has been demonstrated for better estimation of rain attenuation using Ku-band signal propagation data and ground rain rate measur...

Tropical rain forest expansion and savanna woody vegetation thickening appear to be a global trend, but there remains uncertainty about whether there is a common set of global drivers. Using geographic information techniques, we analyzed aerial photography of five areas in the humid tropics of northeastern Queensland, Australia, taken in the 1950s and 2008, to determine if changes in rain fores...

Domestic violence shelters present a unique context within the congregate living sector in of COVID-19 pandemic. Shelters supporting women during pandemic had to change service delivery models include housing hotels adhere government restrictions and ensure women, their children, were not homeless. The purpose this study was explore impact hotel use as alternative for experiencing domestic Onta...

The study deals with lichen diversity on monuments of Bhimbetka rock shelters at Raisen district Madhya Pradesh. micro-climatic conditions the provide excellent habitat for lichens to colonize. A total 40 species belonging 10 communities exhibit their occurrence shelters. crustose and squamulose 21 dominance followed by eight Physioid seven Teloschistacean communities. ecology colonizing togeth...

Treeshelters were used for the nursery production of Cedrus deodara Loud. (deodar cedar), Quercus ilex L. (holly oak), and Magnolia grandiflora L. (southern magnolia) trees growing in 19-liter containers. Air temperature, relative humidity, and CO, concentration were higher inside the treeshelters than outside. Trees grown inside treeshelters were 74% to 174% taller than trees grown without she...