signed digit (sd) number systems provide the possibility of constant-time addition, where inter-digit carry propagation is eliminated. such carry-free addition is primarily a three-step process; adding the equally weighted sds to form the primary sum digits, decomposing the latter to interim sum digits and transfer digits, which commonly belong to {–1, 0, 1}, and finally adding the transfers to...

In this article, we try to explain and unify standard divisibility tests found in various books. We then look at recurring decimals, and list a few of their properties. We show how to compute the number of digits in the recurring part of any fraction. Most of these results are accompanied by a proof (along with the assumptions needed), that works in a Euclidean domain. We then ask some question...

A very large dataset of handwritten Farsi digits is introduced. Binary images of 102,352 digits were extracted from about 12,000 registration forms of two types, filled by B.Sc. and senior high school students. These forms were scanned at 200 dpi with a high speed scanner. A method for finding variety of handwritten digits in a typical dataset is proposed. Based on this method, training and tes...

For the primality test we need to compute aX−1 (mod X). There are two problems with the straightforward method (multiplying X − 1 copies of a and reducing modulo X). First, the resulting number aX−1 has exponentially many digits (nearly 2n binary digits if X has n binary digits and a = 2). The space requirement can be reduced to linear in the bit-length of the input by doing all operations modu...

Research has demonstrated that a higher level of education is associated with better performance on cognitive tests among middle-aged and elderly people. However, the effects of education on auditory processing skills have not yet been evaluated. Previous demonstrations of sensory-cognitive interactions in the aging process indicate the potential importance of this topic. Therefore, the primary...

Numerous studies have reported that women believe they are more susceptible to left-right confusion than men. Indeed, some studies have also found sex differences in behavioural tasks. It has been suggested that women have more difficulties with left-right discrimination, because they are less lateralised than men and a lower degree of lateralisation might lead to more left-right confusion (LRC...

In order to investigate the relation between situs asymmetry and functional asymmetry of the human brain, a consonant-vowel syllable dichotic listening test known as the Standard Dichotic Listening Test (SDLT) was administered to nine subjects with situs inversus (SI) that ranged in age from 6 to 46 years old (mean of 21.8 years old, S.D. = 15.6); the four males and five females all exhibited s...

Brain lateralization for language in high-functioning children with autism spectrum conditions (ASC) and sensory processing were explored as a part of a neuropsychological profile. A dichotic listening test and the Luria laterality subtest were administered to all participants (including controls) and the sensory profile test only to the ASC group. The usual right ear advantage was not exhibite...

Musical enjoyment for cochlear implant (CI) recipients is often reported to be unsatisfactory. Our goal was to determine whether the musical experience of postlingually deafened adult CI recipients could be enriched by presenting the bass and treble clef parts of short polyphonic piano pieces separately to each ear (dichotic). Dichotic presentation should artificially enhance the lateralization...

The electroencephalogram (EEG) reflects the electrical activity of the brain as recorded by placing several electrodes on the scalp. The EEG is widely used for diagnostic evaluation of various brain disorders such as determining the type and location of the activity observed during an epileptic seizure or for studying sleep disorders [1]. The dichotic listening (DL) paradigm is often used to as...