The Metabolic Theory of Ecology has renewed interest in using energetics to scale across levels of ecological organization. Can scaling from individual phenotypes to population dynamics provides insight into why species have shifted their phenologies, abundances and distributions idiosyncratically in response to recent climate change? We consider how the energetic implications of phenotypes may...

Demographic change is happening in developed countries with an ageing of the population. Individuals are financing retirement increasingly from superannuation savings and less from government pension support. A major asset that individuals have to fund their retirement is the residential home. The reverse mortgage is a product that allows retirees to access the value of their home to provide fi...

It is unclear whether torpor really is uncommon amongst passerine birds. We therefore examined body temperature and thermoregulatory strategies of an Austral passerine, the white-browed babbler (Pomatostomus superciliosus), which has characteristics related to a high probability of torpor use; it is a sedentary, insectivorous, cooperative breeding species, which we studied during winter in a te...

We propose a novel carrier phase estimator based on two-stage Viterbi-Viterbi and QPSK partitioning for 16-QAM. Simulation shows that the proposed algorithm is highly tolerant to laser linewidth with a reduced cycle slip probability. OCIS codes: (060.2330) Fiber Optics Communications; (060.1660) Coherent Communications

Patterns of metabolic rate variation have been documented extensively in animals, but their functional basis remains elusive. The membrane pacemaker hypothesis proposes that the relative abundance of polyunsaturated fatty acids in membrane phospholipids sets the metabolic rate of organisms. Using species of tropical orchid bees spanning a 16-fold range in body size, we show that the flight musc...

We carry out a detailed sensitivity analysis of border carbon adjustment (rates) by applying a global Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) GTAP7-based model. We find different incentives for the regions in the climate coalition to raise carbon-based border tax rates (BTAX) above the standard rate that mimics an equalisation of carbon prices across regions. Herein, the strategic use of BTAX (the...

At Fraunhofer IWES a Modelica Library including all major components needed for load calculations of current offshore wind turbines is developed. The library additionally includes models for external conditions, like wind, soil and waves, and their respective influence on the structures. The library constitutes a large effort in the creation of a highly coupled multiphysics model with Modelica ...

With advancing semiconductor technology, growing design complexities, companies have turned to a global design team to build their System on a Chip (SoC). The major challenge is the capacity to scale infrastructure and methodology, along with ASIC design[23]. Silicon Access Networks recently shipped for revenue from first silicon, a family of four high performance SoC products. These high-end n...

The first generation of optical networks employed primarily static point-to-point WDM systems to provide increased network capacity. Optical networks using WDM are now widely deployed in carrier networks, particularly in long-haul networks. For the most part, these point-to-point WDM systems provide tens of wavelengths worth of capacity over a single fiber pair, with each wavelength operating a...

Most current web application use small objects to increase the data transfer speed between server and client. This leads to completion of the object transfer while the TCP is still in the initial slow-start phase, which starts with an initial window size. SCTP, a new transport layer protocol, uses congestion control mechanism that is similar to that of TCP but complements TCP’s deficiencies in ...