Ginsenoside Rd (Rd), one of the main active ingredients in Panax ginseng, has been showed to protect against ischemic cerebral damage both in vitro and in vivo. However, the underlying mechanism of Rd is largely unknown. Excessive extracellular glutamate causes excitatory toxicity, leading to cell death, and neurodegenerative processes after brain ischemia. The clearance of extracellular glutam...

OBJECTIVE Although renal denervation (RD) has been shown to be effective in treating post- myocardial Infarction (MI) heart failure (HF) in animal models and clinical trials, its utility as a standalone treatment without traditional drug treatment for post-MI HF still needs to be investigated. METHODS Rats were randomly assigned into seven experimental groups: N group (control group with no M...

PURPOSE To determine independent predictors of exudative retinal detachment (RD) in eyes with uveal melanoma and the significance of RD in melanoma-specific survival. METHODS The extent of exudative RD was recorded retrospectively in a population-based cohort of 167 consecutive patients with eyes enucleated from 1972 through 1981 because of choroidal and ciliary body melanoma, representing al...

Estimation of the proportion of degenrate retina in rd/rd and +/+ (or +/rd) chimaeras, using a linear analysis of histological sections, suggests a considerable preponderance of the normal phenotype, while analyses based on the area of the surviving tissue suggest that the proportion of each component is similar to that in other tissues. This argues against the validity of the linear analyses u...

Let P be the space of probability measures on Rd. We associate a coupled nonlinear Fokker-Planck equation Rd, i.e. with solution paths in P, to linear for product Rd×P, P(Rd×P). explicitly determine corresponding Kolmogorov operator L˜t using natural tangent bundle over gradient ∇P. Then it is proved that diffusion process generated by Rd×P intrinsically related McKean-Vlasov stochastic differe...

In this paper we study homogenization problem for strong Markov processes on Rd having infinitesimal generators Lf(x)=?Rd(f(x+z)?f(x)???f(x),z?1{|z|?1})k(x,z)?(dz)+?b(x),?f(x)?,f?Cb2(Rd) in periodic media, where ? is a nonnegative measure that does not charge the origin 0, satisfies ?Rd(1?|z|2)?(dz)<? and can be singular with respect to Lebesgue Rd. Under proper scaling show scaled converge wea...

Let M(Rd) denote the space of locally finite measures on Rd and let M1(M(Rd)) denote the space of probability measures on M(Rd). Define the mean measure πν of ν ∈M1(M(Rd)) by πν(B) = ∫ M(Rd) η(B)dν(η), for B ⊂ R. For such a measure ν with locally finite mean measure πν , let f be a nonnegative, locally bounded test function satisfying < f, πν >= ∞. ν is said to satisfy the strong law of large n...

OBJECTIVE For the definitive diagnosis of IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD), biopsies of local lesions are recommended so as to exclude other diseases, including lymphoma and cancer. However, performing biopsies of underlying organs is technically difficult. In this study, we examined the diagnostic utility of labial salivary gland (LSG) biopsy as a less invasive procedure. METHODS Sixty-six pat...

Christopher Gardner, PhD, Chair; Judith Wylie-Rosett, EdD, RD, Co-Chair; Samuel S. Gidding, MD, FAHA; Lyn M. Steffen, PhD, MPH, RD, FAHA; Rachel K. Johnson, PhD, MPH, RD; Diane Reader, RD, CDE; Alice H. Lichtenstein, DSc, FAHA; on behalf of the American Heart Association Nutrition Committee of the Council on Nutrition, Physical Activity and Metabolism, Council on Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis an...

Patients with rheumatic diseases (RD) are at high risk of osteoporosis (OP) and osteoporotic fractures. The Trabecular bone score (TBS) is a relatively novel method assessing quality, which independently predicts fracture regardless mineral density (BMD). A lower TBS in patients RD compared to controls shown most studies concerning RD. data obtained indicate that fractures better RD, especially...