INTRODUCTION although -hydroxy--methylbutyrate (HMB) is generally marketed as a supplement for increasing muscle mass and strength, it is still not fully understood how and in which particular sports and conditions HMB can be more effective. AIMS the primary purpose of this review is to update and summarize the current knowledge about the usefulness of HMB and to organize this information b...

Scheduling sports competitions is often a difficult task because it is usually very difficult to construct schedules that are considered to be fair by all competitors. In addition, the schedules normally need to satisfy a considerably large number of additional requirements and constraints. Most of the sports scheduling problems that have been tackled in the literature refer to competitions in ...

OBJECTIVE To ascertain the epidemiological characteristics of sports injuries in children in Hong Kong. METHODS Retrospective review of all cases seen in the Sports Injury Clinic of the Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong, in the period May 1984 to December 1990. The variables studied were age at presentation, gender, side of the body injured, anatomical location of the injury, type a...

PURPOSE To report a large number of highly active patients who underwent arthroscopic Bankart repair at our institution over the last decade. METHODS A retrospective analysis of patients who underwent primary and revision arthroscopic Bankart repairs using bioabsorbable anchors was performed. Outcome measures included recurrence of dislocation, American Shoulder and Elbow Scores (ASES), Rowe,...

Cyanobacterial blooms and hepatotoxic microcystins (MCs) usually occur in summer, constituting a sanitary and environmental problem in Salto Grande Dam, Argentina. Water sports and recreational activities take place in summer in this lake. We reported an acute case of cyanobacterial poisoning in Salto Grande dam, Argentina, which occurred in January 2007. Accidentally, a young man was immersed ...

Autonomy supportive (rather than controlling) coaching has been shown to be important for motivating athletes and for boosting their performance. However, is this especially true for elite-level athletes, who presumably face greater stress and performance pressure? To address this question we surveyed 264 student athletes (141 recreational, 83 club sport, and 40 varsity) playing on sports teams...

BACKGROUND A growing proportion of adolescents have poor cardiovascular health behaviors, including low levels of physical activity and high levels of sedentary behavior, thus increasing the likelihood of poor heart health in later years. This study tested the hypothesis that low perceived neighborhood safety would be associated with low levels of physical activity and high levels of recreation...

The main purpose of this paper is to present the role that sport recreation may play and plays in consumer’s lives and how it enriches the Quality of Life. Both sport organisations and governments (also EU) promote healthy life style, nowadays, in which an important part the sport plays. An increase in popularity of recreation influences lives of many people. They start sporting activities, bec...

Platelet rich plasma (PRP) is a powerful new biologic tool in sports medicine. PRP is a fraction of autologous whole blood containing and increased number of platelets and a wide variety of cytokines such as platelet derived growth factor (PDGF), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF-B1), fibroblast growth factor (FGF), Insulin-like growth factor-1...

Competitive sports activity is associated with an increased risk of sudden cardiovascular death in adolescents and young adults with inherited cardiomyopathies. Many young subjects aspire to continue competitive sport after a diagnosis of cardiomyopathy and the clinician is frequently confronted with the problem of eligibility and the request of designing specific exercise programs. Since inher...