background: chemo-immunotherapy is one of the new achievements for treatment of cancer, by which the success of anti-cancer therapy can be increased. in vitro studies have been shown that arteether (are) induces apoptosis in tumor cells, but not in normal cells. objective: to investigate the cytotoxic and immunomodulatory properties of arteether in-vivo and in-vitro. methods: in this study, we ...

Pituitary gland is an uncommon site of metastasis for malignancies. However, breast cancer is the most common primary metastasizing to hypophysis in women. It may cause hormonal problems in different patterns due to mass affect and invasion to pituitary gland. We present a 53-year-old woman with HER-2 positive breast cancer presenting with intermittent symptoms of diabetes insipidus and rapidly...

The matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) comprise a family of zinc-dependent endopeptidases that are secreted as inactive precursors, which are activated by cleavage of an N-terminal pro-peptide. Their basic mechanisms of action include cancer cell growth, differentiation, apoptosis, migration and invasion, and the regulation of tumour angiogenesis and immune surveillance. The expression of MMP2 an...

Due to the fact that the treatment of breast cancer depends significantly on the molecular markers present in the cancer, including estrogen receptor (+), progesterone receptor (+) or erbB2 receptor (+), further investigation targeting triple‑negative breast cancer (TNBC) subtypes may assist in elucidating the mechanisms of recurrence of TNBC and enable the identification of novel therapeutic s...

BACKGROUND Sentinel lymph node biopsy has been established as the preferred method for staging early breast cancer. A prior history of mastectomy is felt to be a contraindication. CASE PRESENTATION A patient with recurrent breast cancer in her skin flap was discovered to have positive axillary sentinel nodes by sentinel lymph node biopsy five years after mastectomy for ductal carcinoma in sit...

background and purpose: breast cancer is the most common cause of cancer-specific mortality among women worldwide. this study aimed at investigating the epidemiological, clinical, and pathological characteristics of breast cancer among patients attending baghban clinic in sari. materials and methods: the patients’ records (2008-2014) were used and data including age, gender, marital status, men...

background and purpose: breast cancer is the most common malignancy and a leading cause of cancer deaths in women throughout the world. breast cancer is accounted for 16 percent of all cancers. this study was performed to investigate the epidemiology of breast cancer in mazandaran province. materials and methods: this longitudinal descriptive study included all cases with breast cancer recorded...

breast cancer is the most common cancer in women after skin cancer. in iran, the presentation age of this cancer is younger than the global average. there are different therapeutic methods for treatment of breast cancer and the choice of treatment depends on the stage of the disease as well as its type and characteristics. therapeutic methods include surgery, radiotherapy, and systemic therapie...

introduction: gail model is one of the most important models for the evaluation of breast cancer risk between us white females. according to genetic diversity, there is a possibility of affecting the efficiency of the gail model in risk assessment of breast cancer among iranian populations. in this study, the gail model efficiency in specifying the risk of breast cancer in iranian population wa...