Broadband optical reflectors generally function through coherent scattering from systems comprising one of three designs: overlapped; chirped; or chaotic multilayer reflectors. For each, the requirement to scatter a broad band of wavelengths is met through the presence of a variation in nanostructural periodicity running perpendicular to the systems' outer surfaces. Consequently, the requisite ...

accurate mapping of geological structures play an important role in the land management, some of which are considered as the origination of wind deposits, dust and aerosols. during the last decades, remote sensing has considerably helped the studies of desert areas especially in change detection of land phenomena. this study aims to study the facies morphology of playa in tabas kavir, based on ...

It is a well-known result of Kadec that every two separable infinite dimensional Banach spaces are homeomorphic. Also in large classes of nonseparable Banach spaces (perhaps all) the density character of a Banach space is its only topological invariant (see the book [2] for details). The situation changes considerably if we consider uniform homeomorphisms. Several results are known which prove ...

A systematic review, covering fabrication of nanoscale patterns by laser interference lithography (LIL) and their applications for optical devices is provided. LIL is a patterning method. It is a simple, quick process over a large area without using a mask. LIL is a powerful technique for the definition of large-area, nanometer-scale, periodically patterned structures. Patterns are recorded in ...

Fraction of vegetation cover (FVC) is often estimated by unmixing a linear mixture model (LMM). In the LMM-based algorithm, differences can be seen in assumptions and constraints imposed to the model such as spectral vegetation index, inducing variations in algorithm. As a result, robustness against noises in reflectance spectrum is somewhat different among those algorithms, depending on a targ...

in this paper, we present the numerical solution of ordinary dierential equations (or sdes), from each order especially second-order with time-varying and gaussian random coecients. we indicate a complete analysis for second-order equations in special case of scalar linear second-order equations (damped harmonic oscillators with additive or multi- plicative noises). making stochastic dierent...

In this paper, properties of reflection phase in one-dimensional quaternary photonic crystals combining dispersive meta-materials and positive index materials are investigated by transfer matrix method. Two omnidirectional band gaps are located in the band structure of considered structure. However, we limit our studies to the frequency range of the second wide band gap. We observe that the val...