To determine whether the central vasopressinergic system at the level of nucleus tractus solitarii (NTS) modulates the reflex control of heart rate, we employed a new method for microinjection into the brainstem of conscious, freely moving rats. Baroreceptor reflex function was assessed during pressure changes induced by intravenous administration of phenylephrine (0.25-8 micrograms/kg) and sod...

The manner in which activation levels influence intrinsic muscular properties and contributions of the stretch reflex were studied in homogeneous soleus (SOL) and heterogeneous gastrocnemius (G) muscles in the decerebrate cat. Intrinsic mechanical properties were represented by the initial stiffness of the muscle, measured prior to reflex action, and by the tendency of the muscle to yield durin...

BACKGROUND A clinical parameter commonly used to assess the neurological status of an individual is the tendon reflex response. However, the clinical method of evaluation often leads to subjective conclusions that may differ between examiners. Moreover, attempts to quantify the reflex response, especially in older age groups, have produced inconsistent results. This study aims to examine the in...

Cardiovascular dysfunction associated with obesity was assessed by comparing rats that had been maintained on a regular or high fat diet since weaning. Rats on the high fat diet not only gained weight faster than age-matched controls but also had higher systolic and mean pressures. Development of mild hypertension in obese rats was first detected by indirect tail-cuff measurement and confirmed ...

The orbicularis oculi reflex was studied in nine cases with lateral medullary lesions. Diagnosis of the Wallenberg syndrome was made clinically in seven cases and at necropsy in another. The clinical features of one other case were closely allied to but not typical of this syndrome. An afferent delay of the late reflex on the side of the lesion in the presence of a normal early reflex was seen ...

spasticity is one of the common complications in upper motor neuron lesions and without appropriate treatment it causes disturbances in movement pattern. assessments of patients are effective in patient`s management. modified ashworth scale (mas) is one of the criteria in qualitative assessment of spasticity, and there are lots of controversies about its validity. the purpose of this study is t...

introduction : there are different applications for cooling in rehabilitation and there is also a controversy in results of applying ice on limb and its effects on motorneurons excitability. methods : this study was done to determine the effect of applying controlled cooling (rubbing cold ointment with 3°c temperature) on the spinal skin (around t place of s root nerve) on the excitability of s...