The ability to reprogram somatic cells to induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) has revolutionized the field of regenerative medicine. However, recent studies on the genetic and epigenetic variations in iPSCs have raised concerns that these variations may compromise the utility of iPSCs. In this Perspective, we review the current understanding of genetic and epigenetic variations in iPSCs, tra...

BACKGROUND Recent findings have revealed that the female gonad may have regenerative activity with having germ line stem cells in juveniles and adults. Application of these germ line stem cells could be an alternative therapy for reproductive disorders in regenerative medicine. METHODS To enhance the potency of differentiation into oocyte-like cells (OLCs) and folliculogenesis, we overexpress...

By Daniel Short Supervisor Dr Martin Luck Introduction Much of the work performed in the field of regenerative biology has been investigated using organisms such as the axolotl. Although the axolotl is capable of regenerating limbs there is a considerable phylogenetic distance between amphibians and mammals. This paper considers the ability of deer to re-grow antlers as a system of mammalian ti...

Heterothermic mammals tolerate severe hypoxia, as well as a variety of central nervous system insults, better than homeothermic mammals. Tolerance to hypoxia may stem from adaptations associated with the ability to survive hibernation and periodic arousal thermogenesis. Here, we review evidence and mechanisms of hypoxia tolerance during hibernation, euthermy and arousal in heterothermic mammals...

Some organisms have a remarkable ability to heal wounds without scars and to regenerate complex tissues following injury. By gaining a more complete understanding of the biological mechanisms that promote scar-free healing and tissue regeneration, it is hoped that novel treatments that can enhance the healing and regenerative capacity of human patients can be found. In the present article, we b...

The ability to generate human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) holds great promise for the understanding and the treatment of human neurological diseases in modern medicine. The hPSCs are considered for their in vitro use as research tools to provide relevant cellular model for human diseases, drug discovery, and toxicity assays and for their in vivo use in regenerative medicine applications. In ...

Background In the past decade, stem cells, with their ability to differentiate into various types of cells, have been proven to be resourceful in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering. Despite the ability to repair damaged parts of organs and tissues, the use of stem cells still entails several limitations, such as low differentiation efficiency and difficulties in guiding differentiatio...