The topology of the Internet has been extensively studied in recent years, driving a need for increasingly complex measurement infrastructures. These measurements have produced detailed topologies with steadily increasing temporal resolution, but concerns exist about the ability of active measurements to measure the true Internet topology. Difficulties in ensuring the accuracy of every individu...

Starting from the hypothesis that both physics, in particular space-time and the physical vacuum, and the corresponding mathematics are discrete on the Planck scale we develop a certain framework in form of a class of ’cellular networks’ consisting of cells (nodes) interacting with each other via bonds according to a certain ’local law’ which governs their evolution. Both the internal states of...

Knowledge of the extent to which tibial plateau cartilage displays non-uniform mechanical topography under physiologically relevant loading conditions is critical to evaluating the role of biomechanics in knee osteoarthritis. Cartilage explants from 21 tibial plateau sites of eight non-osteoarthritic female cadaveric knees (age: 41-54; BMI: 14-20) were tested in unconfined compression at 100% s...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Few studies have addressed cutaneous recurrence of melanoma. The aim of this retrospective study was to analyze the characteristics and prognostic significance of the different patterns of cutaneous recurrence. MATERIAL AND METHODS Patients diagnosed with melanoma between 1988 and 2008 at Hospital de Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain and for whom data were available for at...

Regional economic efficiency and resilience are necessary conditions for sustainable regional development, urban agglomerations the core carriers of development. Exploring synergistic patterns between is crucial to growth development their surrounding regions. To measure efficiency, resilience, capacity Harbin–Changchun agglomeration from 2010 2019, super-efficient SBM model, entropy-TOPSIS Hak...

Prior studies have demonstrated decreasing cerebral blood flow (CBF) in normal aging, but the full spatial pattern and potential mechanism of changes in CBF remain to be elucidated. Specifically, existing data have not been entirely consistent regarding the spatial distribution of such changes, potentially a result of neglecting the effect of age-related tissue atrophy in CBF measurements. In t...

The mechanisms that define the body pattern during development and regeneration are the object of major concern in developmental biology. To understand the process and sequence of antero-posterior pattern formation of planarian body regions during regeneration, regenerating organisms were treated with exogenous retinoic acid, which affects development and regeneration in other systems, and the ...

OBJECTIVES To determine if regional variations in strain patterns occur within the suspensory ligament under tensile load. Local increases in strain may put certain regions of the suspensory ligament at risk and may explain the poor healing and high recurrence rates associated with suspensory branch injuries. METHODS The suspensory ligament and its bone attachments were isolated from each of ...

Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies have demonstrated regional patterns of brain macrostructural atrophy and white matter microstructural alterations separately in the three major subtypes of frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD), which includes behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD), semantic dementia (SD), and progressive nonfluent aphasia (PNFA). This study was to i...