Missing trade is defined as the exports and imports that may have taken place between two potential trading partners, but which are unknown to the researcher because neither partner reported them to the United Nation’s COMTRADE, the official global repository of trade statistics. In a comprehensive sample of African countries, over 40% of the potential trade flows fit this definition. For a con...

The Indian Ocean Region (IOR) has become one of the main economic forces globally, and countries within IOR have attempted to promote their intra-regional trade. This study investigates spatiotemporal evolution community structures trade impact determinant factors on formation from 1996 2017 using methods social network analysis. Trade communities are groups with measurably denser intra-trade t...

The deepening of the content regional trade agreements has promoted deep integration global value chains. As an important part behind-the-border measures agreements, competition policy provisions have impact on intermediate product trade. This paper constructs depth index provisions, uses gravity model combined with Poisson's pseudo maximum likelihood estimation (PPML) and fixed effects to empi...

This study empirically establishes a link between medieval trade, agglomeration and contemporary regional development in ten European countries. It documents a statistically and economically significant positive relationship between prominent involvement in medieval trade and commercial activities and regional economic development today. Further empirical analyses show that medieval trade posit...

This paper contributes to an ongoing debate in International Political Economy about the appropriateness of globalization, regionalization and macroeconomic imbalance theory by identifying quantitative estimates for all three tendencies from world trade data. This is achieved with a series of gravity models enhanced stepwise by the mapping of the estimation errors of a given model on representa...

The paper provides an overview of the generation of electricity in 10 countries in South East Europe during 1995-2004. Using the latest available statistics the potential of the nascent integration of the electricity markets in South East Europe is explored. We conduct a cross-country analysis of electricity production based on different types of fuel used. The region has a low level of gasific...

Economic integration lowers one form of trade costs, tariffs, and stimulates changes in other trade costs. This paper offers a model in which integration may raise or lower the important trade cost associated with insecurity. The model can help to explain the varied experience with integration and it points to the usefulness of combining enforcement policy integration with trade policy integrat...

Abstract The Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) is a strategy initiated by Chinese government that seeks to connect Asia with Africa Europe via land maritime networks the aim of increasing commercial exchange, stimulating economic growth improving regional integration. BRI comprises Silk Economic 21st century Maritime Road. initiative defines five major priorities, namely policy coordination, infra...

This paper outlines a new approach for analysing the role of trade in promoting industrial development. It offers an explanation as to why firms are reluctant to move to economies with lower labour costs, and shows how trade liberalisation can change the incentives for firms to locate in developing countries. Unilaterally liberalising imports of manufactures can promote industrialisation, but m...