BACKGROUND: In the early 1990s, some U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Districts began using and evaluating custom-made geotextile tubes with fabric tensile strengths ranging between 400 and 1,000 lb/in. (70,000-175,000 N/m). The tubes have been used as containment dikes for dredged material placed in shallow water to intertidal elevations. Wetlands have been restored on the dredged material with th...

The ethanolamine salt of 12-hydroxy stearic acid is known to form tubes having a temperature tunable diameter. Here, we study the behavior of those tubes at the air/water interface by using Neutron Reflectivity. We observed that tubes indeed adsorbed at this interface below a fatty acid monolayer and exhibit the same temperature behavior as in bulk. There is however a peculiar behavior at aroun...

E nteral feeding is a common and necessary practice in critical care. Clinical practice for verification of smalland large-bore feeding tubes is variable. Although radiographic confirmation is the reference standard for blindly inserted small-bore tubes, it is not consistently performed to verify large-bore tubes before administration of formula or medication. These practices raise concerns; bo...

– The Raman response of the radial breathing mode in single-wall carbon nanotubes was analyzed for excitation with 10 different laser lines. The line shape was fitted with 14 Voigtian oscillators which could be correlated to tubes of different helicity. The strongest lines were observed between 172 and 199 cm. For an assignment frequencies evaluated from a density functional calculation and sca...

Tubular continuum robots, which are composed of multiple concentric, precurved, elastic tubes, provide more dexterity than traditional surgical instruments at the same diameter. The tubes can be precurved such that the resulting manipulator fulfills surgical task requirements. Up to now the only material used for the component tubes of those manipulators is NiTi, a superelastic shape-memory all...

The polar filaments within microsporidian spores discharges as tubes with subsecond velocity. Populations of discharging tubes of Glugea hertwigi spores pulse-labeled with latex particles for 1-3 s were consistently devoid of label at the distal ends; discharging tubes were completely labeled after 30- to 60-s exposure to latex. This experiment indicates that discharge tubes grow at the tip. Co...

The 180 models collected in this paper are produced by sampling and wrapping point sets on tubes. The surfaces are represented as triangulated 2-manifolds and available as stlfiles from the author’s web site at www.cs.duke.edu/ edels. Each tube is obtained by thickening a circle or a smooth torus knot, and for some we use the degrees of freedom in the thickening process to encode meaningful inf...

Sexual reproduction of flowering plants depends on delivery of the sperm to the egg, which occurs through a long, polarized projection of a pollen cell, called the pollen tube. The pollen tube grows exclusively at its tip, and this growth is distinguished by very fast rates and reaches extended lengths. Thus, one of the most fascinating aspects of pollen biology is the question of how enough ce...