Learning contemporary software development practices and acquiring good programming habits are valuable skills in computer science education. However, there are challenges in encouraging students' adherence to the incremental testing pattern involved in Test-Driven Development. We propose a model for an adaptive feedback system to observe and encourage incremental testing. Using data analysis o...

Five adolescents with autism, 5 adult control participants, and 4 child controls received rewards for varying their sequences of responses while playing a computer game. In preceding and following phases, rewards were provided at approximately the same rate but were independent of variability. The most important finding was that, when reinforced, variability increased significantly in all group...

The spanning tree packing number of a connected graph G, denoted by τ(G), is the maximum number of edge-disjoint spanning trees of G. In this paper, we determine the minimum number of edges that must be added to G so that the resulting graph has spanning tree packing number at least k, for a given value of k.

Reinforcement, the process of increased reproductive isolation due to selection against hybrids, is an important mechanism by which natural selection contributes to speciation [1]. Empirical studies suggest that reinforcement has generated reproductive isolation in many taxa (reviewed in [2-4]), and theoretical work shows it can act under broad selective conditions [5-11]. However, the strength...

Binge eating is a hallmark feature of several types of eating disorders, including bulimia nervosa, anorexia nervosa (binge/purge type), and binge-eating disorder, and is associated with numerous harmful consequences. For decades, researchers have sought to understand what maintains and reinforces this behavior in the face of such profound negative consequences. In this context, researchers hav...