the varicella-zoster virus (vzv) genome contains both cis-acting and trans-acting elements, which are important in viral dna replication. the cis-acting elements consist of two copies of oris, and the trans-acting elements are those genes whose products are required for virus dna replication. it has been shown that each of the seven genes required for ori-dependent dna synthesis of herpes simpl...

background: sodium valproate, an anticonvulsant drug, is reported to stimulate human immunodeficiency virus type 1 and human cytomegalovirus replication. since epileptic patients undergoing sodium valproate therapy may suffer from various virus infections, the effect of this drug on replication of viruses especially those affecting neuronal tissues such as herpes simplex virus type 1 is worthy ...

the kinetic of photo oxidative decolorization of c.i. acid yellow 23 (ay23) was investigated in uv/ process. the semi-logarithmic of the concentrations of ay23 versus irradiation time were linear, suggesting pseudo-first order reaction. a simple kinetic model is proposed which confirms pseudo- first order reaction. the results indicate that the apparent reaction rate constant is a function of l...

phenol and its homologues are aromatics containing hydroxyl, methyl, amide and sulphonic groups attached to the benzene ring. these molecules are both anthropogenic and xenobiotics. phenols are environmental pollutants discharged through wastewaters from various industries. phenols are toxic to several biochemical reactions. however biological transformation of phenols to non-toxic entities exi...

in this work, styrene removal from wastewater by using sugarcane waste (bagasse) as an adsorbent was studied. equilibrium isotherms and kinetics were determined; the effects of bagasse particle size and concentration, solutions ph, and temperature on the biosorption of styrene were studied in batch experiments. adsorption equilibrium data was successfully fitted to langmuir isotherms (r2=0.986)...

Cell-based hepatitis C virus (HCV) replicon systems have provided a means for understanding HCV replication mechanisms and for testing new antiviral agents. Here, we describe a mathematical model of HCV replication that assumes that the translation of the HCV polyprotein occurs in the cytoplasm, that HCV RNA synthesis occurs in vesicularmembrane structures, and that the strategy of replication ...

Both experiments (5) and theory (3, 4) have suggested that for a population of phage to increase in numbers requires the host cell population to surpass a critical density termed the " replication threshold " or the " proliferation threshold. " However , recently in the Journal of Virology, Kasman et al. (1) argued that no such threshold exists. Why this discrepancy? For a population of phage t...

Reactive oxygen species generate many lesions in DNA, including R and S diastereomers of 8,5'-cyclo-2'-deoxyadenosine (cdA) and 8,5'-cyclo-2'-deoxyguanosine (cdG). Herein, the result of replication of a plasmid containing S-cdA in Escherichia coli is reported. S-cdA was found mutagenic and highly genotoxic. Viability and mutagenicity of the S-cdA construct were dependent on functional pol V, bu...