While empirical evidence continues to show that low socio-economic position is associated with less likely chances of being in good health, our understanding of why this is so remains less than clear. In this paper we examine the theoretical foundations for a structure-agency approach to the reduction of social inequalities in health. We use Max Weber's work on lifestyles to provide the explana...

Some remarkable animal species require an opposite-sex partner for their sexual development but discard the partner’s genome before gamete formation, generating hemi-clonal progeny in a process called hybridogenesis. Here, we discovered similar phenomenon, termed pseudosexual reproduction, basidiomycete human fungal pathogen, Cryptococcus neoformans , where exclusive uniparental inheritance of ...

making capital and investment is the main driving forces of economic development. based on the investment sensitivity to the changes of some of macro-economic variables and risk and uncertainty, the present study evaluated the effective factors on investment in private sector in iran during 1980-2007. at first, the uncertainty variables of real informal exchange rate, nominal interest rate and ...

This essay explores the nature and implications of a type of inequality that is widespread, but largely ignored. Promises deliver important ethical value, and commercial promises, because they are our most common experience of promise with strangers, are of special value; but not all commercial promises generate that value equally. This paper makes the following claims: (1) while some retail pr...

Income and class biases in political representation have attracted a great deal of scholarly attention recent years. The reasons are understandable: since the 1980s, very few democratically elected governments Organisation for Economic Cooperation Development (OECD) undertook new initiatives to compensate low- middle-income citizens unequal rise top-income shares concentration wealth. Instead, ...

The Kohn–Sham ~KS! solution is constructed from an accurate CI density and the KS exchange and correlation energies Ex and Ec , as well as the corresponding exchange and exchange-correlation energy densities ex(r) and exc(r), which are obtained for the hydrogen abstraction reaction H1H2 and the symmetrical four-center exchange reaction H21H2. The KS quantities are compared with those of the sta...