The structure of forests stands changes continuously as a result of forest growth and both natural and anthropogenic disturbances like windthrow or management activities – planting/cutting of trees. These structure changes can stabilize or destabilize forest stands in terms of their resistance to wind damage. The driving force behind the damage is the climate, but the magnitude and sign of resu...

initial cracks occur in high strength concrete sleepers for various reasons, such as shrinkage and wrong curing and long lifetime of over 50 years of sleepers. these cracks may lead to complete failure of the structure. in order to more accurately design the sleepers, fracture mechanics (not strength of materials) should be incorporated. in order to achieve this purpose, it is important to fore...

Bilateral hippocampal pathology typically results in significant memory problems. Despite apparently similar structural damage, patients with such lesions can differ in the pattern of impairment and preservation of memory functions. Previously, an fMRI study of a developmental amnesic patient whose anoxic hippocampal damage was incurred perinatally revealed his residual hippocampal tissue to be...

Linear Prediction (LP) residual mostly contains the excitation source information. This work analyzes the LP residual once using frame size of 5 ms (subsegmental) and another time using frame size of 20 ms (segmental), each with a shift of 2.5 ms. The residual frames are then subjected to nonparametric Vector Quantization (VQ) to store the unique excitation sequences for each speaker. The testi...

Changes in dynamic properties of structures indicate occurrence of damages in the structures. In this paper, a new two stage algorithm for damage detection of large structure is introduced. A modified Residual Force Method is utilized to locate the damage regions in structures, especially barrel vaults, and then the enhanced Charged System Search (CSS) Algorithm is used to quantify the amount o...

Fire damage to concrete causes contact-type defects that degrade its durability through impaired mechanical properties. Various nondestructive tests are used to evaluate defects induced by fire damage. Recently, nonlinear ultrasonic methods such as the nonlinear resonance vibration method and nonlinear modulation method have been introduced. These nonlinear methods are more sensitive to fire-in...

A way of describing lateral acceleration for fatigue assessments is discussed. The purpose of the model is to parameterise the different sources of the fatigue load, such as the operating environment and the influence of the driver. The measured lateral acceleration is modelled with an approximative curvature, and the average speed explaining centripetal acceleration in the curve. The differenc...

Residual vision, or blindsight, following damage to the primary visual cortex (V1) has been investigated for almost half a century. While there have been many studies of patients with unilateral damage to V1, far fewer have examined bilateral damage, mainly due to the rarity of such patients. Here we re-examine the residual visual function and underlying pathways of previously studied patient S...

Residual kidney function for patients with chronic disease (CKD) is associated better quality of life and outcome; thus, strategies should be implemented to preserve function. Among the multiple causes that promote damage, gut dysbiosis due increased uremic toxin production endotoxemia need attention. Several have been proposed modulate microbiota in these patients, diet has gained increasing a...

The deep stable layer of compressive residual stress produced by low plasticity burnishing (LPB) has been demonstrated in laboratory testing to improve damage tolerance in engine alloys IN718, Ti-6Al-4V, Ti-6-2-4-6, and 17-4PH. This paper describes the fatigue and FOD tolerance benefits afforded by LPB treatment of a Ti-6Al-4V first stage fan blade and vane. FOD sensitive blades and vanes remov...