Farmed animals such as pig and poultry receive additional Zn and Cu in their diets due to supplementing elements in compound feed as well as medical remedies. Enteral bacteria in farmed animals are shown to develop resistance to trace elements such as Zn and Cu. Resistance to Zn is often linked with resistance to methicillin in staphylococci, and Zn supplementation to animal feed may increase t...

pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the most important pathogens that causes nosocomial infections and shows high level of antibiotic resistance. integrons are one of the transposable elements in bacteria and their role in antibiotic resistance has been well demonstrated. the aim of this study was a molecular characterization of the integron genes and the determination of the resistance or sensiti...

the aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of esbl-producing e. coli in agricultural fields of gorgan district, golestan province. soil samples were collected from 20 agricultural fields, half of them treated with chemical fertilizers and the rest with bovine manure. two samples, from surface and a depth of 15cm, were taken. after enrichment and culture onto macconkey agar, pink colored...

BACKGROUND There is a growing concern regarding the increase of antimicrobial resistant bacteria in companion animals. Yet, there are no studies comparing the resistance levels of these organisms in European countries. The aim of this study was to investigate geographical and temporal trends of antimicrobial resistant bacteria causing urinary tract infection (UTI) in companion animals in Europe...

Patients may harbor both drug-susceptible and -resistant bacteria, representing heteroresistance. We studied mixtures of isoniazid-resistant and -susceptible Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains. Conventional drug susceptibility testing was the most sensitive method of detection, whereas the line probe assay and sequencing were not able to detect the clinically relevant 1% proportion of resistant...

Despite the fact that selective pressure of antibiotics on wild birds is supposed to be very weak, they are considered potential vectors antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Obligate scavengers such as vultures can present high proportions extended-spectrum cephalosporins (ESC) and multi-drug-resistant (MDR) bacteria, partially due feeding stations provisioned with livestock carcasses from intensive...

Patient noncompliance to current tuberculosis (TB) therapy owing to multidrug administration daily leads to treatment failure and emergence of multidrug resistant and extensively drug resistant TB. To avoid the daily dosing, application of nanotechnology is the only viable solution by virtue of sustained release of drugs. Other potential advantages of the system include the possibility of selec...

Patient noncompliance to current tuberculosis (TB) therapy owing to multidrug administration daily leads to treatment failure and emergence of multidrug resistant and extensively drug resistant TB. To avoid the daily dosing, application of nanotechnology is the only viable solution by virtue of sustained release of drugs. Other potential advantages of the system include the possibility of selec...

The use of colistin for the treatment of multiresistant bacteria has led to the emergence of colistin-resistant strains of Gram-negative bacilli. Treatment of infections caused by these pan-drug-resistant bacteria is difficult owing to the paucity of effective antibiotics. We report two cases of ventilator-associated respiratory infection caused by pan-drug-resistant, colistin-resistant Pseudom...

Background & Aims: Probiotic bacteria have beneficial effects on host's health. However, one of the most important reasons which affect the probiotic activity of a microorganism is its survival during the gut transit. Microencapsulation techniques could be applied to bacteria to improve this parameter. Methods: In this study, feces of 60 healthy volunteers were analyzed during 28-day test perio...