respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the major cause of lower respiratory tract infections in infants,and also an important factor for hospitalization during the winter months. to determine the prevalence and importance of rsv as a cause of acute lower respiratory tract infection, we carried out a prospective study during 5 months period from november to march 1998 in 6 pediatric hospitals. a n...

Heteroplasmic mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations (mutations present only in a subset of cellular mtDNA copies) arise de novo during the normal ageing process or may be maternally inherited in pedigrees with mitochondrial disease syndromes. A pathogenic mtDNA mutation causes respiratory chain deficiency only if the fraction of mutated mtDNA exceeds a certain threshold level. These mutations oft...

Acute respiratory infection (ARI) is the most important cause of death for children under five years in developing countries. ARI includes chest infections, coughs and colds, and middle-ear infections, but excludes asthma. The most serious type of ARI is acute lower respiratory infection (ALRI), most of which (in developing countries) is due to pneumonia. ALRI is believed to account for about 2...

The hypothesis that the prone sleeping position is associated with accumulation of upper airways secretions and increased bacterial growth was investigated in adults. Ten subjects with upper respiratory tract infection lay prone for one hour and then supine for one hour. Nasal swabs after the prone period yielded higher bacterial counts than swabs obtained after the supine period. This result c...

The aim of this study was to investigate the association between clinical variables and all-cause and respiratory mortality in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) undergoing long-term oxygen therapy (LTOT). The authors retrospectively studied a historic cohort of 128 patients with COPD (126 males, mean age+/-SD 68.9+/-9.7 yrs, body mass index (BMI) 25.1+/-4.5 kg.m-2, and ...

Idiopathic cardiomyopathy in hamsters can cause death due to cardiac failure. The current case study investigated the capability of imaging reveal possible a dead hamster. To this end, cadaver 6-month-old male Roborovski dwarf hamster, which showed acute respiratory symptoms few days before its death, was examined by virtopsy discover death. Postmortem radiography not efficient enough evaluate ...

Inhalation of foreign body is a serious condition in childhood and may result in acute respiratory distress, lung injury or death. A nine month old baby with history of severe respiratory distress, cyanosis and gasping breathing diagnosed as foreign body aspiration due to a balloon which was recovered post mortem during the removal of the endotracheal tube.

background avoidable mortality as an indicator for assessing the health system performance has caught the attention of researchers for a long time. in this study we aimed to compare the health system performance using this indicator in rural and urban areas of one of iran’s southern provinces.   methods all deaths (29916) which happened during 2004–2011 in bushehr province were assessed. nolte ...

Nosocomial viral respiratory infections cause considerable illness and death on pediatric wards. Common causes of these infections include respiratory syncytial virus and influenza. Although primarily a community pathogen, rhinovirus also occasionally results in hospitalization and serious sequelae. This article reviews effective infection control interventions for these three pathogens, as wel...